Table 1.
Demographic data
| Risk factor | Total subjects n = 138 |
Vitamin D sufficiency 25(OH)D > 30 ng/ml n = 40 |
Hypovitaminosis D 25(OH)D ≤ 30 ng/ml n = 98 |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| (years) | 9.65 ± 5.09 | 6.8 ± 5 | 10.21 ± 4.69 | < 0.001* |
| Serum 25(OH) D level | ||||
| (ng/mL) | 26.56 ± 9.67 | 38.3 ± 8.18 | 21.77 ± 5.03 | < 0.001* |
| Gender | ||||
| male | 74(53.6%) | 26(35.1%) | 48(64.9%) | 0.087 |
| female | 64(46.4%) | 14(21.9%) | 50(78.1%) | |
| BMI (Body mass index) | ||||
| (kg/m2) | 17.69 ± 4.82 | 16.94 ± 4.59 | 18.01 ± 4.91 | 0.239 |
| Type of seizure | ||||
| focal | 131(94.9%) | 39(29.8%) | 92(70.2%) | 0.379 |
| generalize | 7(5.1%) | 1(14.3%) | 6(85.7%) | |
| Cause of epilepsy | ||||
| remote symptomatic cause | 52(37.7%) | 14(26.9%) | 38(73.1%) | 0.888 |
| genetic cause | 12(8.7%) | 4(33.3%) | 8(66.7%) | |
| idiopathic cause | 74(53.6%) | 22(29.7%) | 52(70.3%) | |
| Puberty status | ||||
| prepuberty | 81(58.7%) | 33(40.7%) | 48(59.3%) | < 0.001 |
| puberty | 57(41.3%) | 7(12.3%) | 50(87.7%) | |
| Physical status | ||||
| normal daily activities | 102(73.9%) | 27(26.5%) | 75(73.5%) | 0.273 |
| limited daily activities | 36(26.1%) | 13(36.1%) | 23(63.9%) | |
| Gross motor development | ||||
| normal | 69(50%) | 16(23.2%) | 53(76.8%) | 0.133 |
| delay | 69(50%) | 24(34.8%) | 45(65.2%) | |
| Fine motor development | ||||
| normal | 67(48.6%) | 15(22.4%) | 52(77.6%) | 0.097 |
| delay | 71(51.4%) | 25(35.2%) | 46(64.8%) | |
| Language development | ||||
| normal | 61(44.2%) | 14(23%) | 47(77%) | 0.164 |
| delay | 77(55.8%) | 26(33.8%) | 51(66.2%) | |
| Personal-social development | ||||
| normal | 60(43.5%) | 14(23.3%) | 46(76.7%) | 0.199 |
| delay | 78(56.5%) | 26(33.3%) | 52(66.7%) | |
| Duration of sun exposed, during 10 am-14 pm | ||||
| < 60 min/day | 129(93.5%) | 35(27.1%) | 94(72.9%) | 0.121 |
| ≥ 60 min/day | 9(6.5%) | 5(55.6%) | 4(44.4%) | |
*p-value significant at < 0.05