Table 2.
ASMs characteristics and vitamin D status
| ASMs characteristics | Total subjects n = 138 |
Vitamin D sufficiency 25(OH)D > 30 ng/ml n = 40 |
Hypovitaminosis D 25(OH)D ≤ 30 ng/ml n = 98 |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monotherapy | ||||
| no | 71(51.4%) | 24(33.8%) | 47(66.2%) | 0.201 |
| yes | 67(48.6%) | 16(23.9%) | 51(76.1%) | |
| Duration of ASMs used | ||||
| ≤ 2 years | 33(23.9%) | 15(45.4%) | 18(54.5%) | 0.017* |
| > 2 years | 105(76.1%) | 25(23.8%) | 80(76.2%) | |
| Enzyme-inducer ASMs (CBZ,PB,PHT) | ||||
| no | 112(81.1%) | 34(30.4%) | 78(69.6%) | 0.461 |
| yes | 26(18.9%) | 6(23.1%) | 20(76.9%) | |
| Enzyme-inhibitor ASMs (VPA) | ||||
| no | 85(61.6%) | 20(23.5%) | 65(76.5%) | 0.074 |
| yes | 53(38.4%) | 20(37.7%) | 33(62.3%) | |
| BZD and Newer ASMs | ||||
| no | 25(18.1%) | 6(24%) | 19(76%) | 0.545 |
| yes | 113(81.9%) | 34(30.1%) | 79(69.9%) | |
| Levetiracetam | ||||
| no | 58(42.1%) | 16(27.6%) | 42(72.4%) | 0.758 |
| yes | 80(57.9%) | 24(30%) | 56(70%) | |
| Topiramate | ||||
| no | 85(61.6%) | 26(30.6%) | 59(69.4%) | 0.599 |
| yes | 53(38.4%) | 14(26.4%) | 39(73.6%) | |
| Topiramate dosage | ||||
| < 5 mg/kg/day | 17(32.1%) | 7(41.2%) | 10(58.8%) | 0.092 |
| ≥ 5 mg/kg/day | 36(67.9%) | 7(19.4%) | 29(80.6%) | |
ASMs anti-seizure medications; CBZ Carbamazepine; PB Phenobarbital; PHT Phenytoin; VPA Valproate; BZD Benzodiazepine
*p-value significant at < 0.05