Table II.

Adherence to inhaled corticosteroids in 2019 to 2020 according to baseline demographic and clinical characteristics

Characteristic	n	2019 (n = 762)	2020 (n = 762)	z	P value∗
Overall adherence to ICS		54.8 (27.4-95.9)	54.8 (27.4-106.8)	3.923	<.001
Sex
Female	428	52.1 (27.4-95.9)	54.8 (27.4-108.9)	3.834	<.001
Male	334	54.8 (27.4-92.5)	54.8 (27.4-98.6)	1.597	.110
Age
5-17	64	41.1 (16.4-78.8)	41.1 (16.4-82.2)	0.201	.841
18-39	322	32.9 (16.4-65.8)	42.5 (13.7-82.2)	2.365	.018
40-64	267	65.8 (32.9-98.6)	76.7 (32.9-109.6)	2.580	.010
≥65	109	82.2 (42.5-109.6)	93.2 (49.2-134.2)	1.964	.05
Ethnicity
White	421	54.8 (27.4-98.6)	54.8 (27.4-98.6)	2.203	.028
Black	200	54.7 (27.4-98.6)	67.1 (27.4-109.6)	3.013	.003
Asian	89	41.1 (16.4-82.2)	54.8 (16.4-95.9)	1.262	.207
Not specified	52	45.2 (17.8-78.8)	42.5 (14.4-94.5)	1.140	.254
GINA treatment step
Salbutamol only	–	–	–	–	–
Step 2	416	41.1 (27.4-82.2)	54.8 (13.7-100.7)	1.777	.075
Step 3	131	54.8 (27.4-98.6)	71.2 (32.9-109.6)	2.655	.008
Step 4	168	62.3 (32.9-98.6)	75.3 (32.9-106.8)	2.568	.010
Step 5	47	65.8 (32.9-98.6)	74.0 (49.3-98.6)	1.307	.191
Smoking status
Never smoker	543	49.3 (27.4-82.2)	54.8 (27.4-98.6)	3.709	<.001
Current smoker	102	54.8 (27.4-98.6)	61.6 (15.8-98.6)	0.621	.535
Previous smoker	117	65.8 (27.4-109.6)	82.2 (30.1-109.6)	1.259	.208

GINA, Global Initiative for Asthma; ICS, inhaled corticosteroids.

Data presented as number (n) and median (interquartile range).

^∗Wilcoxon signed rank test.