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Research design of the rat experiment. The UUO model was established by ligating the rats’ left ureters with 4-0 silk thread at time 0. n = 6 or 7 rats in each group. After the postoperative day of UUO, the rats were treated with verbascoside (40 mg·kg-1 body weight per day, ig) for 2 weeks. The sham rats and the UUO rats received solvent (normal saline, pH 7.3, 0.154 mol·L-1). Age-matched false-operated rats were used as controls
