Table IV.
Adjusted associations between GSA-level activity/discussion frequencies and spring term self-reported substance use resource outcomes among students in Massachusetts high school GSAs (n = 357) based on generalized estimating equation models
| Variables | School resources |
Community resources |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comfort accessing resources | Confidence in finding resources | Number of resources listed | Comfort accessing resources | Confidence in finding resources | Number of resources listed | |
| b (95% CI), P | b (95% CI), P | b (95% CI), P | b (95% CI), P | b (95% CI), P | b (95% CI), P | |
| Social support | 0.66 (0.15, 1.17), P = 0.011a | 0.51 (−0.06, 1.07), P = 0.077 | 0.29 (−0.26, 0.85), P = 0.298 | 0.91 (0.34, 1.48), P = 0.002a | 1.17 (0.61, 1.73), P<0.001a | 0.52 (0.17, 0.87), P = 0.004a |
| Resources | 0.24 (−0.02, 0.50), P = 0.069 | 0.08 (−0.23, 0.39), P = 0.601 | 0.06 (−0.21, 0.33), P = 0.664 | 0.51 (0.22, 0.79), P = 0.001a | 0.38 (0.06, 0.70), P = 0.019 | 0.24 (0.04, 0.44), P = 0.019 |
| Advocacy | 0.28 (0.03, 0.54), P = 0.030 | 0.16 (−0.13, 0.45), P = 0.269 | 0.08 (−0.28, 0.44), P = 0.653 | 0.75 (0.47, 1.03), P < 0.001a | 0.65 (0.31, 1.00), P < 0.001a | 0.35 (0.14, 0.57), P = 0.001a |
| Sub. use discussions | −0.01 (−0.15, 0.14), P = 0.938 | 0.02 (−0.16, 0.20), P = 0.829 | 0.11 (−0.01, 0.23), P = 0.062 | −0.02 (−0.25, 0.22), P = 0.898 | 0.03 (−0.19, 0.25), P = 0.789 | 0.05 (−0.04, 0.15), P = 0.279 |
Note. GSA-level activity/discussion frequencies are based on mean student reports (support, resources, and advocacy) or advisor reports (substance use discussions). Each result is based on a separate generalized estimating equation model and is adjusted for mean student engagement within the GSA and the following individual characteristics: non-GSA club participation (count), gender group (i.e. cisgender male, cisgender female [reference], gender minority); sexual orientation identity (i.e. heterosexual [reference], sexual minority); race (i.e. White students, students of color [reference]); free/reduced price lunch status (i.e. yes, no [reference], not sure); nativity (i.e. born in United States [reference], born outside United States) and age (years). Results for each GSA activity are not adjusted for levels of the other activities.
Statistical significance after applying the Holm method for multiple comparisons, with tests of each predictor across all six outcomes treated as a family of tests.