Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine predictive factors for acute kidney injury
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariable analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio | P | Odds ratio | P | |
| Study interval | ||||
| Sept 2007 to Nov 2013 | 0.56 (0.36, 0.89) | 0.01 | 0.48 (0.27, 0.86) | 0.02 |
| Dec 2013 to Dec 2018 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Age (per year) | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) | 0.02 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| M | 1.87 (1.87, 3.38) | 0.04 | ||
| F | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| BMI (per kg/m2) | 1.02 (0.99, 1.06) | 0.13 | ||
| ASA fitness grade | ||||
| I–II | 0.62 (0.36, 1.08) | 0.09 | ||
| >III | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.65 (1.69, 4.16) | < 0.01 | 2.36 (1.34, 4.17) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension | 2.71 (1.72, 4.28) | < 0.01 | ||
| Chronic kidney injury | 2.62 (1.42, 4.84) | < 0.01 | ||
| MELD score | 1.21(1.11, 1.32) | < 0.01 | 1.15 (1.01, 1.30) | 0.04 |
| Surgical approach | ||||
| Open | 2.67 (1.14, 6.25) | 0.02 | ||
| Laparoscopic/robotic | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| Pringle manoeuvre | 0.57 (0.26, 1.26) | 0.16 | ||
| Intraoperative CVP (per mmHg) | 0.99 (0.91, 1.07) | 0.71 | ||
| Mean intraoperative BP < 72.1 mmHg | 3.40 (2.10, 5.50) | < 0.01 | 2.08 (1.10, 3.91) | 0.02 |
| Duration of operation > 266 min | 2.62 (1.65, 4.14) | < 0.01 | ||
| Blood loss > 377 ml | 5.12 (3.04, 8.59) | < 0.01 | 5.22 (2.66, 10.24) | < 0.01 |
| PHLF | 7.39 (2.74, 19.95) | < 0.01 | 4.14 (1.24, 13.90) | 0.02 |
| Intraoperative urine output (per ml) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.35 | ||
| Intraoperative urine output (per ml/min) | 0.81 (0.59, 1.11) | 0.18 | ||
| Phenylephrine use | 2.28 (1.37, 3.79) | < 0.01 | ||
| Dose of phenylephrine used (per μg) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | < 0.01 | ||
| Intraoperative adverse event | 2.02 (1.17, 3.47) | 0.01 | ||
Values in parentheses are 95 per cent confidence intervals. MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; CVP, central venous pressure; PHLF, posthepatectomy liver failure. Odds ratios for continuous variables are shown per unit.