Table 5.
Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine predictive factors for acute kidney injury in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariable analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio | P | Odds ratio | P | |
| Study period | ||||
| Sept 2007 to Nov 2013 | 0.58 (0.33, 1.01) | 0.05 | ||
| Dec 2013 to Dec 2018 | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| Age (per year) | 1.04 (1.01, 1.07) | 0.01 | ||
| Sex | ||||
| M | 1.28 (0.56, 2.93) | 0.56 | ||
| F | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| BMI (per kg/m2) | 1.08 (1.01, 1.16) | 0.03 | ||
| ASA fitness grade | ||||
| I–II | 0.78 (0.38, 1.61) | 0.50 | ||
| >II | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.51 (1.45, 4.36) | < 0.01 | ||
| Hypertension | 2.87 (1.63, 5.05) | < 0.01 | 2.59 (1.33, 5.05) | 0.01 |
| Chronic kidney injury | 3.01 (1.48, 6.15) | < 0.01 | ||
| MELD score | 1.192 (1.08, 1.32) | < 0.01 | 1.151 (1.01, 1.31) | 0.04 |
| Surgical approach | ||||
| Open | 2.22 (0.86, 5.72) | 0.10 | ||
| Laparoscopic/robotic | 1.00 (reference) | |||
| Pringle manoeuvre | 0.57 (0.24 1.36) | 0.20 | ||
| Intraoperative CVP (per mmHg) | 1.00 (0.90, 1.10) | 0.92 | ||
| Mean intraoperative BP < 76.9 mmHg | 2.62 (1.51, 4.54) | < 0.01 | 2.24 (1.17 4.27) | 0.01 |
| Duration of operation > 266 min | 2.84 (1.63, 4.96 | < 0.01 | ||
| Blood loss > 378 ml | 5.40 (2.84, 10.28) | < 0.01 | 4.16 (2.05, 8.41) | < 0.01 |
| PHLF | 8.16(2.64, 25.19) | < 0.01 | 7.66 (1.73, 33.97) | 0.01 |
| Intraoperative urine output (per ml) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.94 | ||
| Intraoperative urine output (per ml/min) | 0.84(0.58, 1.22) | 0.84 | ||
| Phenylephrine use | 2.26 (1.20, 4.26) | 0.01 | ||
| Dose of phenylephrine used (per μg) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.01 | ||
| Intraoperative adverse event | 1.78 (0.92, 3.46) | 0.09 | ||
Values in parentheses are 95 per cent confidence intervals. MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; CVP, central venous pressure; PHLF, posthepatectomy liver failure. Odds ratios for continuous variables are shown per unit.