Table 6.

Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis to determine predictive factors affecting survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy

	Univariate analysis		Multivariable analysis*
	Hazard ratio	P	Hazard ratio	P
AKI	2.16 (1.50, 3.12)	< 0.01	2.10 (1.45, 3.05)	< 0.01
PHLF	5.54 (2.84, 10.82)	< 0.01	3.55 (1.77, 7.11)	< 0.01
Age (per year)	1.01(1.00, 1.02)	0.23
Sex
M	1.53 (0.99, 2.36)	0.06
F	1.00 (reference)
BMI (per kg/m2)	0.99 (0.95, 1.03)	0.54
ASA fitness grade
I–II	0.42 (0.30, 0.57)	< 0.01	0.64 (0.45, 0.92)	0.01
> II	1.00 (reference)		1.00 (reference)
Child-Pugh grade
A	0.36 (0.21, 0.63)	< 0.01
B	1.00 (reference)
MELD score	1.10 (1.05, 1.15)	< 0.01
Surgical approach
Open	1.58 (1.04, 2.40)	0.03
Laparoscopic/robotic	1.00 (reference)
Hepatectomy
Major	1.17 (0.89, 1.53)	0.26
Minor	(reference)
Pringle manoeuvre	0.79 (0.55, 1.15)	0.23
Duration of operation (per min)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	<0.01
Blood loss (per ml)	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)	< 0.01
Cirrhosis	1.27 (0.96, 1.67)	0.09	1.58 (1.16, 2.154)	<0.01
Tumour size (per cm)	1.12 (1.09, 1.15)	< 0.01	1.11 (1.07, 1.14)	< 0.01
Multinodular tumours	2.54 (1.922, 3.35)	< 0.01
Vascular invasion	2.86 (2.17, 3.78)	< 0.01	2.09 (1.60, 2.83)	< 0.01
Differentiation
Well	0.64 (0.33, 1.22)	0.17
Moderate	0.96 (060, 1.55)	0.88
Poor	(reference)
Clear margin	0.57 (0.18, 1.79)	0.34
Ruptured HCC	3.10 (2.07, 4.65)	< 0.01	1.66 (1.04, 2.65)	0.03

Values in parentheses are 95 per cent confidence intervals. AKI, acute kidney injury; PHLF, posthepatectomy liver failure; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma. *Stepwise regression. Hazard ratios for continuous varables are shown per unit.