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. 2021 Oct 1;12(10):e00408. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000408

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© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The American College of Gastroenterology

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

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Figure 1. — (a) Measurement of the PCI on HRM. (b) The HEMII-pH catheter contains 2 pH sensors located within/above the upper esophageal sphincter and in the esophageal body and 6 impedance electrodes pairs, divided into pharyngeal (3 and 1 cm above UES and 1 cm below UES), proximal esophageal (1, 3 and 5 cm below UES), and distal esophageal (9, 11, and 13 cm below UES). (c) A full-column, pharyngeal reflux event on HEMII-pH, characterized by a ≥50% decrease in impedance, propagating from the distal esophageal to the pharyngeal electrode pairs in a retrograde fashion. HEMII-pH, hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance; HRM, high-resolution manometry; PCI, proximal contractile integral; UES, upper esophageal sphincter.