Table 2.

The key features of included RCTs and main findings of the studies (n = 32).

Study	Age (years)/grade	Intervention type	Intervention duration	Length of follow-up	Outcome	Effect on outcome
Nemet et al.	5 years	PA and diet	One year	One and two years	BMI and percentile of BMI	Positive results
Bonsergent et al.	10th to 11th grades	PA and diet	Two years	Two years	BMI Z score, BMI, obesity, or overweight	Mixed results
Cunha et al.	5th grades	Dietary intervention only	Nine months	Nine months	BMI, body fat percentage, and obesity	Mixed results
Dewar et al.	12 to 14 years	PA and diet	One year	One year	BMI, body fat percentage, and z score of BMI	Mixed results
Fairclough et al.	10 to 11 years	PA and diet	Twenty weeks	Thirty weeks	BMI, Z score for BMI, and waist circumference	Mixed results
Meng et al.	Six to thirteen years	PA and diet	One year	One year	BMI, Z score for BMI, obesity, or overweight	Mixed results
Safdie et al.	4 to 5 years	PA and diet	Eighteen months	Eighteen months	BMI, obesity, or overweight	Mixed results
Rappaport et al.	5 to 12 years	Dietary intervention only	Seventeen months	Twenty-nine months	Z score for BMI and obesity, or overweight	No difference between two groups
Rausch Herscovici et al.	9 to 11 years	PA and diet	Six months	Six months	Z score for BMI and BMI	No difference between two groups
Annesi et al.	4 to 5 years	PA	Nine months	Nine months	BMI	Positive results
Annesi et al.	4 to 5 years	PA	Nine months	Nine months	BMI	Positive results
Fitzgibbon et al.	3 to 5 years	PA and diet	Fourteen weeks	One year	BMI and Z score of BMI	No difference between two groups
Kain et al.	6 to 8 years	PA and diet	One year	One year	BMI Z score	Positive results
Martínez-Vizcaíno et al.	Eight to ten years	PA	Nine months	Nine months	BMI, obesity, body fat percentage, and waist circumference	Mixed results
Santos et al.	6 to 12 years	PA and diet	Ten months	Ten months	Z score of BMI, waist circumference	Mixed results
Simon et al.	Six grades	PA only	Four years	Six and half years	Z score for BMI and waist circumference	Mixed results
Tarro et al.	2nd grade	PA and diet	Twenty-eight months	Twenty-eight months	BMI, Z score for BMI obesity or overweight, and waist circumference	Mixed results
Llaurado et al.	Seven to eight years	PA and diet	Twenty-two months	Twenty-two months	Z score for BMI and obesity or overweight	No difference between two groups
Lubnas et al.	12 to 14 years	PA	Twenty weeks	8 months	BMI, Z score for BMI and percentage of body weight	No difference between two groups
Meyer et al.	One grade	PA	Nine months	Nine months and three years	BMI, skinfold thickness, and waist circumference	No difference between two groups
Xu et al.	Four school grades	PA and diet	Ten months	Ten months	BMI and obesity or overweight	No difference between two groups
Elder et al.	5 to 8 years	PA and diet	Two years	Two years	BMI, Z score for BMI, waist circumference, and percentage of body weight	No difference between two groups
Cao et al.	One grade	PA and diet	Three years	Three years	BMI Z score, BMI, obesity, or overweight	Mixed results
Greve et al.	5 to 17 years	Other	Three years	Two years	BMI, obesity, or overweight	No difference between two groups
Fulkerson et al.	8 to 12 years	PA and diet	One year	One year and twenty-one months	Z score for BMI	No difference between two groups
Llargués et al.	5 to 6 years	PA and diet	Two years	Six years	BMI	Positive results
Leme et al.	14 to 18 years	PA and diet	Six months	Six months	BMI, Z score for BMI, and waist circumference	Mixed results
Bogart et al.	Grade seven	PA and diet	Five weeks	Two years	Percentile of BMI	No difference between two groups
Natale et al.	2 to 5 years	PA and diet	Two years	Two years	Percentile of BMI	Positive results
Kong et al.	3 to 5 years	PA and diet	Fourteen weeks	Sixteen months	BMI and Z score of BMI	No difference between two groups
Hull et al.	5 to 7 years	PA and diet	One year	Six and sixteen months	Z score for BMI and BMI	No difference between two groups
Annesi et al.	9 to 12 years	PA and diet	Nine months	Nine months	BMI	Positive results