Alizarin Red S staining in PDLSC culture on a plastic surface (A–D) and directly on nanofibers (E–H). EMD was coated on a plastic surface (C, D) or encapsulated into nanofibers (G, H). PDLSC mineralization is shown in cultures with normal medium (A, C, E, G) or with osteogenic differentiation medium (B, D, F, H). Scale bar = 10 mm.