Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characterics of diabetic patients who underwent major lower extremity amputation in Maryland (2013–2019), stratified by ADI quartile.
| ADI Percentile: | ADI1 | ADI2 | ADI3 | ADI4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Least Deprived) | (Most Deprived) | |||
| Characteristic, % | 281 (30.88%) | 260 (28.57%) | 175 (19.23%) | 194 (21.32%) |
| Age, years | ||||
| 18–39 | 4 (1.37) | 7 (2.69) | 5 (2.86) | 9 (4.64) |
| 40–64 | 117 (41.44) | 132 (50.77) | 89 (50.86) | 91 (46.91) |
| ≥65 | 160 (57.19) | 121 (46.54) | 81 (46.29) | 94 (48.45) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 186 (66.19) | 181 (69.62) | 117 (66.86) | 117 (60.13) |
| Female | 95 (33.81) | 79 (30.38) | 58 (33.14) | 77 (39.69) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 144 (51.25) | 139 (53.46) | 86 (49.14) | 64 (32.99) |
| Black | 121 (43.06) | 116 (44.62) | 85 (48.57) | 126 (64.95) |
| Other/unknown | 16 (5.69) | 5 (1.92) | 4 (2.29) | 4 (2.06) |
| Geographic status | ||||
| Rural | 40 (14.29) | 16 (6.15) | 12 (6.86) | 12 (6.25) |
| Urban | 240 (85.71) | 24 (93.85) | 163 (93.14) | 180 (93.75) |
| Insurance | ||||
| Private | 55 (19.57) | 50 (19.23) | 23 (13.14) | 14 (7.22) |
| Medicare | 188 (66.90) | 162 (62.31) | 118 (67.43) | 138 (71.13) |
| Medicaid | 36 (12.10) | 42 (16.15) | 30 (17.14) | 39 (20.10) |
| Other/insured | 4 (1.43) | 6 (2.30) | 4 (2.28) | 3 (1.55) |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never | 165 (58.72) | 150 (57.69) | 101 (57.71) | 110 (56.70) |
| Current | 44 (15.66) | 59 (22.69) | 39 (22.29) | 49 (25.26) |
| Former | 72 (25.62) | 51 (19.62) | 35 (20.00) | 35 (18.04) |
| Amputation level | ||||
| BKA | 149 (53.02) | 135 (51.92) | 98 (56.00) | 105 (54.12) |
| AKA | 132 (46.98) | 125 (48.08) | 77 (44.00) | 89 (45.88) |
| Discharge | ||||
| SNF/SAR | 239 (85.36) | 216 (83.08) | 145 (82.86) | 168 (86.60) |
| Home | 41 (14.64) | 44 (16.92) | 30 (17.14) | 26 (13.40) |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| HTN | 130 (46.26) | 119 (45.77) | 72 (41.14) | 94 (48.45) |
| DLD | 140 (59.82) | 117 (45.00) | 84 (48.00) | 96 (49.48) |
| CHF | 88 (31.32) | 75 (28.85) | 56 (32.00) | 56 (28.87) |
| CAD | 132 (46.98) | 118 (45.38) | 77 (44.00) | 76 (39.18) |
| PAD | 147 (52.31) | 135 (51.92) | 84 (48.00) | 111 (57.22) |
| CKD | 151 (53.74) | 120 (46.15) | 90 (51.43) | 87 (44.85) |
| PN | 18 (6.41) | 12 (4.62) | 9 (5.14) | 13 (6.70) |
| COPD | 33 (11.74) | 41 (15.77) | 33 (18.86) | 38 (19.59) |
Abbreviations: ADI, Area Deprivation Index; BKA, Below knee amputation; AKA, Above knee amputation; SNF, Skilled nursing facility; SAR, Subacute rehabilitation facility; HTN, Hypertension; DLD, Dyslipidemia; CHF, Congestive heart failure; CAD, Coronary artery disease; PAD, Peripheral artery disease; CKD, Chronic kidney disease; PN, Peripheral neuropathy; COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.