Table 3.
Odds ratios for stomach cancer by each component of dietary recommendation adherence scores among non-proxy interview (Cases=1,327, Controls=6,056).
| OR and 95%CI per 1-point increase | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mCHEI-2016 score | HEI-2015 score | |||
| Components | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 |
| Total grains† | 1.07 (0.91, 1.26) | 0.97 (0.80, 1.19) | ||
| Whole grains and mixed beans† | 1.03 (0.96, 1.10) | 1.11 (1.02, 1.22) | ||
| Tubers† | 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) | ||
| Total vegetables† | 1.05 (1.00, 1.10) | 1.06 (1.00, 1.12) | 1.03 (0.99, 1.08) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.11) |
| Dark vegetables† | 0.99 (0.96, 1.03) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.05) | ||
| Total fruits† | 0.97 (0.94, 1.00) | 1.00 (0.96, 1.05) | 0.94 (0.88, 1.01) | 1.01 (0.93, 1.10) |
| Dairy† | 1.07 (0.94, 1.23) | 1.15 (0.96, 1.38) | 1.04 (0.96, 1.13) | 1.10 (0.98, 1.23) |
| Soybeans† | 1.02 (0.97, 1.07) | 1.00 (0.94, 1.06) | ||
| Fish and seafood† | 1.03 (0.99, 1.07) | 1.05 (1.00, 1.11) | ||
| Red meat€ | 0.99 (0.88, 1.11) | 0.94 (0.81, 1.10) | ||
| Poultry† | 0.94 (0.87, 1.01) | 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) | ||
| Eggs† | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) | 1.08 (1.02, 1.13) | ||
| Seeds and nuts† | 1.00 (0.97, 1.03) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.04) | ||
| Sodium€ | 0.96 (0.93, 0.99) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) | 0.97 (0.95, 0.99) | 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) |
| Added sugars€ | 1.12 (0.83, 1.52) | 0.92 (0.65, 1.32) | 1.04 (0.90, 1.20) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) |
| Alcohol€ | 0.95 (0.93, 0.98) | 0.99 (0.95, 1.03) | ||
| Fat¥ | 1.00 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.02) | 0.97 (0.94, 1.01) | 0.96 (0.92, 1.01) |
| Whole fruit† | 0.96 (0.92, 1.00) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | ||
| Greens and beans† | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) | 1.00 (0.94, 1.06) | ||
| Whole grains† | 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.05) | ||
| Total protein foods† | 1.04 (0.98, 1.10) | 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) | ||
| Seafood and plant proteins† | 1.03 (0.96, 1.10) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | ||
| Refined grains€ | 0.97 (0.91, 1.03) | 1.01 (0.93, 1.08) | ||
| Saturated fats€ | 0.97 (0.90, 1.04) | 0.92 (0.83, 1.02) | ||
Note: mCHEI-2016, modified Chinese Healthy Eating Index; HEI, Healthy Eating Index.
Model 1: Adjusted for age, gender, county, total energy intake.
Model 2: Adjusted for model 1 in addition to tobacco smoking (yes vs. no), pack year of smoking, H. pylori infection status, family history of stomach cancer, body mass index (continuous), education level (illiterate, primary, middle, high school or above), and income ten years ago (continuous).
Adequacy components mean a higher intake indicating a higher score.
Limitation components mean a lower intake indicating a higher score.
Because of different definitions of fat, it was regarded as a limitation component in mCHEI-2016, but an adequate component in HEI-2015.