Preoperative physiological parameters of db/db mice. a–d, Preoperative values of (a) BW (WT, n = 8; db/db, n = 17; unpaired student's t-test, p < 0.0001), (b) fasting blood glucose (WT, n = 7; db/db, n = 13; unpaired student's t-test; p < 0.0001), (c) HOMA-IR (WT, n = 7; db/db, n = 9; unpaired student's t-test; p < 0.0001) and (d) plasma insulin during a mixed-meal tolerance test (WT, n = 8; db/db, n = 17; two-way ANOVA; p(group) < 0.0001, p(time) = 0.0007). e, Postsurgical cumulative food intake (Sham, n = 7; VSG, n = 4; unpaired student's t-test; p = 0.2).