Table 5.

Miscellaneous outcomes.

Authors & Year	Classification	Evidence Level	No. of Patients	Age (yrs) ∗	Surgery Type	Tumor Histology	Complications (no.) or %	Outcomes
Chong-chung et al., 2018	Retrospective study	3	65	57.26	A total of 29 (44.62%) patients had the Luque rods and sublaminar wire system, 24 (36.92%) pat- ients had posterior screws and rods system, 9 (13.85 %) patients had an anterior cage and plate applied, and 3 (4.62%) had the combined anterior & posterior system.	17 (26.15%) patients suff- ered from lung primary, while 16 (24.62%) patients suffered from breast prim- ary. Other malignant origins included colorectal, thyroid, prostate, renal cell carcin- oma, nasopharyngeal car- cinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, germ cell tum- our, multiple myeloma, bladder carcinoma, hypo- pharynx carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma.	This paper focused on loostening rate and consequences of this. The overall loosening rate of imp- lants was 44.4%. This was particularly high in the group with Luque rods and sublaminar wire system (70%) and the posterior screws and rod system (50%).	Survival ranged from 1 month to 92 months, with a mean survival of 13.5 months. 40 (61.54%) of the 65 cases survived for at least 1 year after the operation. 27 (67.5%) of them had imaging after 1 year postoperatively, mean survival here of 27.63 months; the remaining 13 patients had no available imaging after 1 year post- operatively, here the mean survival was 23 months.
Walter et al. 2012	Retrospective study	3	57	58.6	All patient were operated in the prone position. For posterolateral decomp- ression, laminectomy is performed and bilateral removal of the pedicles and facets to achieve circumferential decomp- ression and facilitate post- erolateral tumour excision. To improve seeing the thoracic spine, the medial rib head is excised, if needed. After adequate decompression, the operated vertebrae are stabilized, using the UniFlex screw rod system.	Plasmocytoma 10 (17.6%), breast 8 (14.0%), lung 7 (12.4%), renal 6 (10.6%), prostate 5 (8.8%), CUP- syndrome 4 (7.0%), colon 3 (5.3%), cervix 3 (5.3%), bladder 2 (3.5%), NHL 2 (3.5%) and 1 (1.7%) each for chordoma, ovary, pancreas, sarcoma, stomach, testis, undiffer- entiated carcinoma.	The complication rate was only 5.3% with 2 superficial wound infections along with 1 seroma likely secondary to previously received radiotherapy. One patient required repeat operation for second-level decompression and stab- ilization because of a massive local tumor recurrence. No intraoperative death occurred, but 3 (5.3%) patients died within 4 weeks of surgery, secondary to rapid progression of the primary metastatic disease. No case of posterior spinal instrumentation fatigue failure was detected.	The mean postoperative survival of all 57 patients was 11.4 months and ranged from 0 to 46 months. The 1-year survival rate was 42.1%. There being a tendency toward improved Frankel grades after the operation. 13 (22.8%) patients showed an improvement of their neurological deficits, 43 (75.5%) had a stable neurological status, and only one single patient (1.8%) suffered from deterioration of neurological status.