Table 1.
Baseline characterisitcs of the patients with COVID-19
| Variables | Total (n=638) | Severe (n=190) | Non-severe (n=448) | P value |
| Age (years), median (IQR） | 59 (47–69) | 66 (56–73) | 56 (45–66) | <0.001 |
| ≥65, no. (%) | 227 (35.6) | 105 (55.3) | 122 (27.2) | <0.001 |
| ＜65, no. (%) | 411 (64.4) | 85 (44.7) | 326 (72.8) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male, no. (%) | 301 (47.2) | 115 (60.5) | 186 (41.5) | <0.001 |
| Female, no. (%) | 337 (52.8) | 75 (39.5) | 262 (58.5) | |
| Time of hospitalisation (days), median (IQR) | 15 (9–24) | 19 (11–27) | 14 (9–22) | 0.002 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension, no. (%) | 207 (32.4) | 83 (43.7) | 124 (27.7) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease, no. (%) | 70 (11.0) | 30 (15.8) | 40 (8.9) | 0.011 |
| Chronic respiratory disease, no. (%) | 50 (7.8) | 23 (12.1) | 27 (6.0) | 0.009 |
| Chronic liver disease, no. (%) | 37 (5.8) | 13 (6.8) | 24 (5.4) | 0.463 |
| Clinical symptoms | ||||
| Fever, no. (%) | 453 (71.0) | 159 (83.7) | 294 (65.6) | <0.001 |
| Cough, no. (%) | 388 (60.8) | 126 (66.3) | 262 (58.5) | 0.064 |
| Dyspnoea, no. (%) | 208 (32.6) | 88 (46.3) | 120 (26.8) | <0.001 |
| Chest distress, no. (%) | 167 (26.2) | 52 (27.4) | 115 (25.7) | 0.655 |
| Fatigue, no. (%) | 230 (36.1) | 86 (45.3) | 144 (32.1) | 0.002 |
| Myalgia, no. (%) | 60 (9.4) | 17 (8.9) | 43 (9.6) | 0.797 |
| Stuffy nose, no. (%) | 9 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (2.0) | 0.109 |
| Pharyngalgia, no. (%) | 68 (10.7) | 14 (7.4) | 54 (12.1) | 0.079 |
| Dizziness or headache, no. (%) | 49 (7.7) | 12 (6.3) | 37 (8.3) | 0.399 |
| Diarrhoea, no. (%) | 78 (12.2) | 29 (15.3) | 49 (10.9) | 0.127 |
| Nausea or vomiting, no. (%) | 62 (9.7) | 18 (9.5) | 44 (9.8) | 0.892 |
| Anorexia, no. (%) | 237 (37.1) | 89 (46.8) | 148 (33.0) | 0.001 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Antiviral treatment, no. (%) | 466 (73.0) | 151 (79.5) | 315 (70.3) | 0.017 |
| Antibiotics, no. (%) | 452 (70.8) | 172 (90.5) | 280 (62.5) | <0.001 |
| Corticosteroids, no. (%) | 197 (30.9) | 107 (56.3) | 90 (20.1) | <0.001 |
| Intravenous immunoglobin, no. (%) | 120 (18.8) | 66 (34.7) | 54 (12.1) | <0.001 |
| Traditional Chinese medicine, no. (%) | 419 (65.7) | 102 (53.7) | 317 (70.8) | <0.001 |
| Imaging features | ||||
| Unilateral pneumonia, no. (%) | 71 (11.1) | 10 (5.3) | 61 (13.6) | 0.002 |
| Bilateral pneumonia, no. (%) | 481 (75.4) | 164 (86.3) | 317 (70.8) | <0.001 |
P values indicate differences between patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Continuous variables were described as median with IQR and analysed by Mann-Whitney test. Categorical variables were described as percentages and analysed by the χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test.