Table 4.

Comparison of recent research reports showing the ORR electrochemical properties of various MnO₂ based electrocatalysts.

Active electrode Material	Synthesis Method	Morphology	Electrolyte	Surface area (m2g−1)	Electrochemical property	n	Ref.
Co3O4/MnO2 composite	Co-precipitation	Needle-like structure	0.1 M KOH	193.37	Shows the ORR potential (V) at -0.352 V (vs. Ag/AgCl)	3.7	This work
Ag–MnO2/graphene composite	Immersion-calcination	Nanoparticles	0.1 M KOH	426.4	Onset potential of 0.068 V and ORR reaction limiting current density of 5.62 mA cm−2	3.9	[77]
α-MnO2 and Co3O4	One-step solution-based	Microspheres & nanoparticulate	0.1 M KOH	214.6	Half-wave potential and potential of -0.197 and -0.226 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) at -3 mA cm−2	3.94	[78]
Pt/C	-	Amorphous	0.1 M KOH	-	Shows current density of 5.02 J/mA cm−2	3.89	[79]
PVP- MnO2/CNT	Hydrothermal	Aggregates Nanoparticles	0.1 M of aqueous Na2SO4	-	Shows the ORR potential (V) at -0.43 (vs. Ag/AgCl)	-	[80]
MnO2/rGO	Electrodeposition	Yarn-rod shape	0.1 M KOH	50.5	Shows the ORR potential (V) at -0.36 V	3.92	[79]
Ni–MnO2 nanoneedles	Hydrothermal	Nanoneedle	0.1 M KOH	-	Shows the current densities of -1.24 mA cm−2 with a reduction potentials of -0.43 V	2.33	[81]