Table 4.

Pulmonary disorders associated with genetic intervention of autophagy in mice.

Setting	Genetic intervention	Effects on disease phenotype	Ref.
COPD	Whole‐body deletion of Map1 lc3b	Decreased signs of emphysema and resistance to cilia shortening after CS exposure	Chen et al (2010), Lam et al (2013)
COPD	Whole‐body allelic loss of Becn1	Resistance to cilia shortening after CS exposure	Lam et al (2013)
COPD	X chromosome deletion of Hdac6	Resistance to cilia shortening after CS exposure	Lam et al (2013)
COPD	Whole‐body deletion of miR‐21	Improved pulmonary fitness after CS exposure by reducing autophagy activation in bronchiolar cells	Zeng et al (2018)
COPD	Whole‐body deletion of Pink1	Improved lung function after subchronic CS exposure, linked to impaired mitophagy	Mizumura et al (2014)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Whole‐body deletion of Atg4b	Exacerbated bleomycin‐induced lung injury linked to increased lung inflammation	Cabrera et al (2015)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Conditional AEC‐specific deletion of Tsc1	Exacerbated bleomycin‐induced lung injury after mTORC1 overactivation	Gui et al (2015)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Conditional A2T progenitor cell‐specific deletion of Atg5	Exacerbated bleomycin‐induced lung injury by reducing A2T stemness	Li et al (2020a)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Whole‐body deletion of Anxa2	Mitigated bleomycin‐induced lung injury via TFEB‐mediated autophagy activation	Wang et al (2018a)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Whole‐body deletion of Tlr4	Exacerbated bleomycin‐induced lung injury and pulmonary inflammation after autophagy inhibition	Yang et al (2012)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Conditional myeloid cell‐specific deletion of Atg5 or Atg7	Exacerbated bleomycin‐induced fibrosis and spontaneous lung inflammation by enhancing inflammasome activation	Abdel Fattah et al (2015), Jessop et al (2016)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Whole‐body deletion of Pink1	Accelerated development of bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis linked to accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria in AEC cells	Bueno et al (2015)
Pulmonary fibrosis	Whole‐body deletion of Prkn	Accelerated development of bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis after mitophagy inhibition	Kobayashi et al (2016)
Sarcoidosis	Conditional myeloid cell‐specific deletion of Tsc2	Exacerbated granuloma formation after mTORC1‐mediated hypertrophy and proliferation in macrophages	Linke et al (2017)
Cystic fibrosis	CFTRdel506 transgenic mice	Impaired autophagy through TG2‐mediated BECN1 inhibition	Luciani et al (2010)

AEC, alveolar epithelial cell; A2T, alveolar type 2; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CS, cigarette smoke.