Table 4. .
Priority areas of Russia’s presence in the World Ocean
| Geographic direction | Region | Geoeconomic and geopolitical interests |
|---|---|---|
| Atlantic | Baltic Sea | Development of coastal port infrastructure; construction of logistics and hydrocarbon processing complexes; overcoming exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast |
| Black Sea | Ensuring balance of geopolitical forces, effective integration of Crimea into Russia’s socioeconomic system, development of gas transport system; expansion of capacity of port complexes in line with growth of energy exports; implementation of transport and transit potential of coastal territories, development of coastal resorts | |
| Sea of Azov | ||
| Mediterranean Sea | Ensuring stability of commodity flows from Russia to countries of region (traditional and new Russian export markets); military strategic deterrence | |
| Arctic | Ensuring unconditional sovereignty of Russian Federation over waters and territories of Arctic under its jurisdiction, development of Northern Sea Route; development of Arctic continental shelf and building up of processing plant infrastructure on coast. Creation and implementation of adaptive (taking into account specifics of North) technologies for marine economic activity. Development of unique icebreaker fleet and its own corporate fleet of operators for development of Arctic zone. | |
| Pacific | Sea of Japan | Development of seaports in interests of building up capabilities of geoeconomic corridor in Russian East and Russia’s inclusion in Eurasian infrastructure projects. Ensuring economic and infrastructural connectivity of Russia’s Far Eastern regions; formation of reliable resource base for gas supply and organization of future export supplies, including LNG; development of full cycle of fish and seafood processing. Ensuring military-strategic security of Russia’s eastern border |
| Sea of Okhotsk | ||
| Bering Sea | ||
| Caspian | Development and modernization of seaports; formation of modern oil and gas production complex in Russian sector of Caspian; solving regional security problems | |
| Indian Ocean | Expansion of Russian shipping; sales of Russian shipbuilding products | |
| Antarctic | Use of aquatic biological resources; scientific research of hydrosphere, atmosphere, and cryosphere | |
Source: (Druzhinin and Lachininskii, 2019).