Table 4.
Genes involved in synthetic lethality of mutant KRAS-dependent cancers
| Synthetic lethal genes |
Full name | Main function | Tumor type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANAPC1 | Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 1 | Mediates cell cycle progression | KRAS-mutant colon cancer | [147] |
| ARHGEF2 | Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 | Activates Rho-GTPases | KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer | [148] |
| BCL2L1 (BCL-XL) | BCL2-like 1 | Inhibits apoptosis | KRAS-mutant solid cancer | [149] |
| BIRC5 (survivin) | Baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5 | Inhibits apoptosis | KRAS-mutant colon cancer | [150] |
| CDK1 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 | Mediates cell cycle progression | KRAS-mutant colon cancer | [151] |
| CDK4 | Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 | Mediates cell cycle progression | KRAS-mutant lung cancer | [152, 153] |
| DHODH | Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone) | Inhibits mitochondrial oxidative damage | KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer | [154] |
| FGFR1 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 | Mediates mitogenesis and differentiation | KRAS-mutant lung cancer | [155] |
| GATA2 | GATA binding protein 2 | Promotes development and survival | KRAS-mutant lung cancer | [156] |
| MAP3K7 (TAK1) | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 | Promotes NF-κB activation | KRAS-mutant colon cancer | [157] |
| PLK1 | Polo-like kinase 1 | Promotes centrosome maturation and spindle assembly | KRAS-mutant chronic myelomonocytic leukemia or solid cancer | [147, 158, 159] |
| PRMT5 | Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 | Arginine methyltransferase | KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer | [160] |
| PSMA5 | Proteasome 20S subunit alpha 5 | Mediates protein degradation | KRAS-mutant colon cancer | [147] |
| SHOC2 | SHOC2 leucine-rich repeat scaffold protein | Promotes RAS signaling | KRAS-mutant leukemia and solid cancer | [161, 162] |
| SHP2 (PTPN11) | SH2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 | Promotes RAS signaling | KRAS-mutant solid cancer | [113, 163] |
| SNAI2 | Snail family transcriptional repressor 2 | Promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition | KRAS-mutant colon cancer | [164] |
| STK33 | Serine/threonine kinase 33 | Regulates cell cytoskeleton | KRAS-mutant solid cancer | [165] |
| TBK1 | TANK binding kinase 1 | Promotes NF-κB activation | KRAS-mutant lung cancer | [166] |
| WT1 | WT1 transcription factor | Promotes development and survival | KRAS-mutant lung cancer | [167] |
| XPO1 | Exportin 1 | Mediates nuclear export | KRAS-mutant lung cancer | [168] |
| YAP1 | Yes1-associated transcriptional regulator | Mediates the Hippo signaling pathway | KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer | [167] |