Table 3.
Outcome data. Data are expressed as number and (%), mean (standard deviation), or median and [25th–75th] percentiles. CLV, closed-loop vasopressor; SVV, stroke volume variation.
| Variable | Control group (n=15) | CLV group (n=15) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| MAP target∗ (mm Hg) | 72 [72–76] | 76 [72–76] | 0.272 |
| Primary outcome | |||
| Percentage of case time with MAP <90% of MAP target (%) | 15.4 [9.9–24.3] | 1.6 [0.9–2.3] | 0.000 |
| Secondary outcomes | |||
| Percentage of case time in target (MAP [10] mm Hg) (%) | 69.7 (12.6) | 94.2 (4.8) | 0.000 |
| Percentage of case time with MAP >10 mm Hg above MAP target (%) | 14.3 [8.9–22.1] | 3.5 [0.6–6.7] | 0.001 |
| Percentage of case time with MAP <65 mm Hg (%) | 4.5 [1.1–7.9] | 0.2 [0.0–0.4] | 0.000 |
| Number of episodes with MAP <65 mm Hg for ≥1 min | 3 [0–7] | 0 [0–1] | 0.004 |
| Longest episode with MAP <65 mm Hg (min) | 4 [0–7] | 0 [0–1] | 0.004 |
| Percentage of case time with MAP <60 mm Hg (%) | 1.7 [0.0–2.7] | 0.0 [0.0–0.2] | 0.021 |
| Mean urethral perfusion index | 11.4 (7.3) | 8.0 (4.7) | 0.149 |
| Mean urethral perfusion index during the first 15 min | 12.8 (10.2) | 9.5 (4.5) | 0.282 |
| Mean urethral perfusion index during the last 15 min | 5.7 [3.2–15.1] | 8.5 [3.7–11.2] | 0.810 |
| Stroke volume index (ml m−2) | 37 [34–42] | 39 [35–45] | 0.756 |
| Cardiac index (L min−1 m−2) | 2.8 (0.7) | 3.1 (0.6) | 0.199 |
| SVV (%) | 9 [8–11] | 8 [6–9] | 0.051 |
| Percentage of case time with SVV <13% (%) | 81 [65–94] | 90 [75–97] | 0.206 |
| Percentage of case time with cardiac index <2.5 L min−1 m−2 (%) | 34 [14–67] | 5 [2–22] | 0.028 |
| Total dose of norepinephrine during surgery (μg) | 750 [398–1395] | 1807 [672–3741] | 0.078 |
| Mean rate of norepinephrine infusion (μg min−1) | 2.1 [1.1–2.9] | 4.2 [2.0–8.8] | 0.078 |
| Number of subjects with major complications | 5 (33) | 2 (13) | 0.195 |
| Number of subjects with minor complications | 4 (27) | 6 (40) | 0.439 |
| Number of subjects with major and minor complications | 6 (40) | 6 (40) | 1.000 |
| Length of stay in the ICU/PACU (h) | 19 [18–20] | 19 [18–20] | 0.576 |
| Length of stay in the hospital (days) | 10 [9–15] | 9 [7–15] | 0.576 |
| Postoperative haemoglobin concentration (g dl−1) | 10.7 (1.9) | 10.5 (1.7) | 0.849 |
| Postoperative creatinine concentration (mg dl−1) | 0.7 [0.6–0.9] | 0.7 [0.6–0.8] | 0.330 |
| Postoperative lactate concentration (mM) | 1.3 [0.9–1.9] | 1.3 [0.8–1.6] | 0.507 |
∗MAP target is the MAP at baseline–10%.