Table 3.
Baseline characteristics by condition
| Incentives for weight loss and self- monitoring (n = 23) | Incentives for self-monitoring only (n = 22) | Incentives for weight loss only (n = 24) | No incentives for weight loss or self-monitoring (n = 24) | Total (N = 93) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, M (SD) | 45.00 (11.84) | 50.64 (15.35) | 47.04 (11.30) | 49.67 (13.13) | 48.06 (12.93) |
| Weight, M (SD) | 242.35 (50.32) | 233.23 (44.65) | 241.21 (46.30) | 238.88 (44.43) | 239.00 (45.8) |
| BMI, M (SD) | 40.43 (7.97) | 37.94 (7.14) | 38.24 (6.54) | 39.16 (6.31) | 38.95 (6.96) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 23 (100.00%) | 18 (81.82%) | 19 (79.17%) | 20 (83.33%) | 80 (86.02%) |
| Race, n (%) | |||||
| White | 16 (69.57%) | 16 (72.73%) | 12 (50.00%) | 14 (58.33%) | 58 (62.37%) |
| Black or African American | 6 (26.09%) | 5 (22.73%) | 10 (41.67%) | 6 (25.00%) | 27 (29.03%) |
| Asian | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (4.55%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (1.08%) |
| Native American or Alaska Native | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (4.17%) | 1 (1.08%) |
| More than one race | 1 (4.35%) | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (8.33%) | 3 (12.50%) | 6 (6.45%) |
| Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, n (%) | 2 (8.70%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (2.15%) |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||||
| Single, never married | 4 (17.39%) | 7 (31.82%) | 6 (25.00%) | 4 (16.67%) | 21 (22.58%) |
| Married or partnered | 16 (69.57%) | 5 (22.73%) | 13 (54.17%) | 17 (70.83%) | 51 (54.84%) |
| Separated or divorced | 3 (13.04%) | 6 (27.27%) | 4 (16.67%) | 2 (8.33%) | 15 (16.13%) |
| Widowed | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (13.64%) | 1 (4.17%) | 1 (4.17%) | 5 (5.38%) |
| Education level, n (%) | |||||
| High school graduate or equivalent | 1 (4.35%) | 1 (4.55%) | 1 (4.17%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (3.23%) |
| Posthigh school education, no degree | 5 (21.74%) | 4 (18.18%) | 2 (8.33%) | 6 (25.00%) | 17 (18.28%) |
| Associate’s or bachelor’s degree | 10 (43.48%) | 10 (45.45%) | 11 (45.83%) | 12 (50.00%) | 43 (46.24%) |
| Postgraduate work or graduate degree | 7 (30.43%) | 7 (31.82%) | 10 (41.67%) | 6 (25.00%) | 30 (32.26%) |
| Income, n (%) | |||||
| Less than $30,000 | 5 (21.74%) | 3 (13.64%) | 1 (4.17%) | 2 (8.33%) | 11 (1.18%) |
| $30,000–$59,999 | 2 (8.70%) | 7 (31.82%) | 10 (41.67%) | 5 (20.83%) | 24 (25.81%) |
| $60,000 or more | 14 (60.87%) | 7 (31.82%) | 13 (54.17%) | 15 (62.50%) | 49 (52.69%) |
| Number of people supported by salary, n (%) | |||||
| 1 | 6 (28.57%) | 12 (57.14%) | 10 (41.67%) | 6 (25.00%) | 34 (36.56%) |
| 2 | 7 (33.33%) | 4 (19.05%) | 5 (20.83%) | 8 (33.33%) | 24 (25.81%) |
| 3 | 4 (19.05%) | 2 (9.52%) | 4 (16.67%) | 4 (16.67%) | 14 (15.05%) |
| 4 | 3 (14.29%) | 3 (14.29%) | 2 (8.33%) | 2 (8.33%) | 10 (10.75%) |
| 5+ | 1 (4.76%) | 0 (0.00%) | 3 (12.50%) | 4 (16.67%) | 8 (8.60%) |
| Financial stress level, n (%) | |||||
| After paying bills, still have enough for special things | 17 (73.91%) | 12 (54.55%) | 17 (70.83%) | 14 (58.33%) | 60 (64.52%) |
| Enough to pay bills but little spare for special things | 4 (17.39%) | 7 (31.82%) | 6 (25.00%) | 7 (29.17%) | 24 (25.81%) |
| Enough to pay bills because cut back on things | 2 (8.70%) | 2 (9.09%) | 1 (4.17%) | 2 (8.33%) | 7 (7.53%) |
| Difficulty paying bills no matter what | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (4.17%) | 1 (1.08%) |
| Employment status, n (%) | |||||
| Working full time | 16 (16.57%) | 11 (50.00%) | 15 (62.50%) | 14 (58.33%) | 56 (60.22%) |
| Working part time | 4 (17.39%) | 6 (27.27%) | 1 (4.17%) | 4 (16.67%) | 15 (16.13%) |
| Unemployed, searching for work | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (4.17%) | 2 (8.33%) | 3 (3.23%) |
| Unemployed, not searching for work, retired, or disabled | 3 (13.04%) | 5 (22.73%) | 6 (25.00%) | 4 (16.67%) | 18 (19.35%) |
Missing data: ethnicity (n = 1 in Arm A); marital status (n = 1 in Arm B); income (n = 2 in Arm A, n = 5 in Arm B, and n = 2 in Arm D); number of people supported by salary (n = 2 in Arm A and n = 1 in Arm B); financial stress (n = 1 in Arm B); and employment status (n = 1 in Arm C).
BMI body mass index; SD standard deviation.