Table 7.

Breakdown of treatment success rate according to various different surgical management strategies

Treatment method	Study	Success rate (%)	Total number of patients
Debridement + Exfix/ORIF + systemic antibiotic therapy	Khan 2012	100.0	20
	Emara 2002	95.0	20
Total	2 studies	97.5	40
Debridement + muscle flap/fasciocutaneous flap + systemic antibiotic therapy	Zweiffel-Schlatter 200656	100.0	14
	Lê Thua 201535	96.6	29
	Smith 200651	95.00	41
	Fitzgerald 198526	92.9	42
Total	4 studies	95.2	126
Debridement + bone graft + systemic antibiotic therapy	Huang 201828	95.0	80
	Chan 200020	82.0	50
Total	2 studies	90.0	130
Debridement + local antibiotic delivery + systemic antibiotic therapy	Chan 199819	94.4	36
	Li 201936	94.4	18
	Ferrando 201725	92.3	13
	Romanò 201445	87.7	49
	Lindfors 201738	72.0	18
	Lidgren 198037	88.9	18
	Chan 200020	95.7	46
	Zhou 202055	88.4	43
	Wang 201753	86.7	15
	Pape 199543	84.4	26
	Chang 200721	80.0	25
	Kinik 200832	88.5	26
	McNally 201641	96.0	100
	Ferguson 201424	90.8	195
	Hashmi 200427	94.1	17
	Yamashita 199854	100.0	18
	McNally 199340	91.9	37
Total	17 studies	90.9	700
Debridement + hyperbaric oxygen therapy + systemic antibiotic therapy	Chen 200410	92.3	13
Total	1 study	92.3	13
Debridement + bioactive glass + systemic antibiotic therapy	Romanò 201445	92.6	27
	Lindfors 201738	95.9	98
	Ferrando 201725	91.7	12
Total	3 studies	94.9	137
Debridement+ systemic antibiotic therapy	Euba 200923	90.0	50
	Meissner 198942	76.7	60
	Chang 200721	60.0	40
	Simpson 200150	72.0	50
	Jiang 201529	77.4	394
Total	5 studies	76.8	594

Note. Exfix, external fixation; ORIF, open reduction and internal fixation.