Table 1.
Study characteristics and patient population in the studies examining NSPLE identified by literature search.
| Author, year (Cohort-name) | Patient recruitmentStart–End | Number centers | Number of patients | Mean age | Female proportion | SLE duration in months | Mean SELENA SLEDAI | Included in meta-analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdel-Nasser, 2008 | 01/2003–09/2003 | 1 | 32 | 25 | 0.875 | 46.8 | 22.43 | + |
| Abdul-Sattar, 2013 | 07/2011–12/2012 | 1 | 84 | a) 31b) 29 | a) 0.944b) 0.9375 | a) 80.4b) 67.2 | a) 15.6b) 5 | + |
| Ahn, 2018(Hanyang BAE lupus cohort) | 02/1998–12/2015 | 1 | 1121 | a) 26.6*b) 27.7* | a) 0.949b) 0.916 | a) 150b) 141.6 | a) 5.1b) 5 | + |
| Ainiala, 2001 | 01/1980–12/1997 | 5 | 46 | 45 | 0.848 | 168 | n.r. | + |
| Alfetra, 2003 | n.r. | 61 | 40 | 0.869 | 120 | n.r. | + | |
| Appenzeller, 2005 | n.r. | 1 | 115 (+44 healthy controls) | 33.5 | 0.948 | 66.5 | n.r. | + |
| Brey, 2002 (SALUD) | n.r. | 128 | 43 | 0.9375 | 96 | 4.8 | + | |
| Briani, 2009 | 01/1986–10/2004 | 1 | 219 | 28 | 0.845 | n.r. | n.r. | + |
| Hanly, 2009 | 06/2000–12/2007 | 1 | 209 | a) 40.9b) 46.3 | a) 0.89b) 0.862 | a) 103.2b) 97.2 | a) 4.4b) 3.4 | + |
| Hanly, 2011(SLICC) | 10/1999–02/2008 | 24 | 1206 | 34.5 | 0.896 | 5.4 | 5.4 | + |
| Kakati, 2017 | 08/2009–07/2010 | 1 | 52 | 25.59 | 0.923 | n.r. | 22.44 | + |
| Kampylafka, 2013 | 07/2008–07/2011 | 1 | 370 | a) 30b) 32.1 | a) 0.94b) 0.88 | a) 68.4b) 109.8 | a) 18.1b) 2.95 | −a |
| Katsumata, 2010 | 08/1994–10/2003 | 1 | 191 | a) 28b) 34 | a) 0.930b) 0.918 | a) 12b) 12 | a) 15b) 9 | −a |
| Magro-Checa, 2017(Leiden NPSLE Cohort) | 09/2007–03/2016 | 1 | 304 | 42.5 | 0.897 | 55.2 | n.r. | + |
| Mok, 2006 | 01/1990–10/2004 | 1 | 282 | 31.8 | 0.915 | n.r. | 11.67 | + |
| Morrison, 2014 | 11/1983–01/2010 | 1 | 108 | a) 40.8b) n.r. | a) 0.85b) n.r. | a) 120b) n.r. | a) 8.66b) n.r. | + |
| Muhammed, 2018 | 01/2015–07/2016 | 1 | 101 | a) 31.9b) 32.5 | a) 0.97b) 0.88 | a) 54b) 56.4 | a) 31.1b) 20.9 | + |
| Pradhan, 2015 | 01/2008–12/2012 | 1 | 120 | a) 23.07*b) 26 | a) 0.867b) n.r. | a) 41.3b) n.r. | a) 28.7b) n.r. | −b |
| Sanna, 2003 | 09/1999–04/2000 | 1 | 323 | a) 43.1b) 40.3 | a) 0.951b) 0.957 | a) 142.8b) 115.1 | n.r. | + |
| Schenatto, 2006 | 01/2000–12/2002 | 1 | 87 (+25 healthy controls) | a) 31.2b) 41.0 | a) 0.957b) 0.875 | a) 71.48b) 96 | a) 9.93b) 2.89 | + |
| Sibbitt, 2002(University of New Mexico Lupus Cohort) | n.r. | 1 | 75 | 21.6c | 0.9 | 93.6 | 15.6 | + |
| vdMeulen, 2017(Leiden NPSLE Cohort) | n.r. | 3 | 272 (+51 healthy controls) | a) 42b) 40 | a) 0.87b) 0.897 | n.r. | n.r. | + |
| Zavada, 2013 | 01/2002–01/2009 | 1 | 471 | a) 43 | a) 0.9 | n.r. | n.r. | + |
| Zirkzee, 2012(Leiden NPSLE Cohort) | 09/2007–12/2009 | 1 | 71 | a) 42.2b) 42 | a) 0.873b) 0.92 | a) 102.3b) 100.8 | a) 7.88b) 4.1 | + |
| Meier, 2020 (SSCS) | 04/2007–08/2019 | 7 | 688 | a) 46.1 b) 43.7 | a) 0.824 b) 0.857 | a) 140.4 b) 99.6 | a) 10.05 b) 5.37 | + |
Subgroups: (a) NPSLE-patients, (b) Non-NPSLE-Patients; Mean age refers to mean age at inclusion (*mean age at diagnosis).
aFocused on central nervous manifestations only.
bNo prevalence due recruitment of 60 cases/controls.
cPediatric patients with inclusion criteria: diagnosis of SLE at 17 years of age or younger.