Table 3.
Patient characteristics of the SSCS.
| Total | NPSLE patients | Non-NPSLE patients | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients (%) | 688 (100) | 193 (28.1) | 495 (71.9) | |
| Gender, female (%) | 583 (84.7) | 159 (82.4) | 424 (85.7) | |
| Ethnicity (%) | ||||
| Caucasian | 556 (80.8) | 156 (80.8) | 400 (80.8) | |
| African | 46 (6.7) | 11 (5.8) | 35 (7.1) | |
| Asian | 59 (8.6) | 16 (8.4) | 43 (8.7) | |
| Native American | 26 (3.8) | 0 (0) | 26 (5.3) | |
| Other | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.1) | |
| Age at first diagnosis, years (mean ± SD) | 37.1 ± 15.9 | 36.5 ± 16.1 | 37.3 ± 15.9 | |
| Age at study inclusion, years (mean ± SD) | 44.3 ± 15.6 | 46.1 ± 15.3 | 43.7 ± 15.7 | |
| Disease duration, years (mean ± SD) | 9.3 ± 10.1 | 11.7 ± 11.6 | 8.3 ± 9.3 | |
| Cardiovascular risk factors (%) | ||||
| Smoking (incl. former smoking) | 251 (36.5) | 115 (59.6) | 136 (27.5) | 0.735 |
| Arterial hypertension | 158 (22.9) | 60 (31.1) | 98 (19.8) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 31 (4.5) | 13 (6.7) | 18 (3.6) | 0.078 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 66 (9.4) | 28 (14.5) | 39 (7.9) | 0.014 |
| SELENA-SLEDAI Score (mean ± SD) | 6.7 ± 7.7 | 10.0 ± 10.5 | 5.4 ± 5.8 | <0.001 |
| SDI Score (mean ± SD) | 1.5 ± 2.3 | 2.2 ± 3.0 | 1.1 ± 1.9 | <0.001 |
| ACR criteria (mean ± SD) | 5.2 ± 1.6 | 5.5 ± 1.9 | 5.0 ± 1.4 | <0.001 |
| Cumulative ACR manifestations (%) | ||||
| Malar rash | 263 (38.2) | 73 (37.8) | 190 (38.4) | |
| Discoid rash | 136 (19.8) | 41 (21.2) | 95 (19.2) | |
| Photosensitivity | 324 (47.1) | 97 (50.3) | 227 (45.9) | |
| Oral ulcers | 194 (28.2) | 54 (28.0) | 140 (28.3) | |
| Arthritis | 489 (71.1) | 141 (73.1) | 348 (70.3) | |
| Pleuritis | 147 (21.4) | 42 (21.8) | 105 (21.2) | |
| Pericarditis | 124 (18.0) | 42 (21.8) | 83 (16.8) | |
| Renal disorder | 261 (37.9) | 91 (47.2) | 170 (34.3) | |
| Seizures | 32 (4.7) | 32 (16.6) | 0 (0) | |
| Psychosis | 40 (5.8) | 40 (20.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Haematological disorder | 412 (59.9) | 107 (55.4) | 305 (61.6) | |
| Auto antibodies (%) | ||||
| ANA | 669 (97.2) | 184 (95.3) | 485 (98.0) | |
| Anti-dsDNA-Ab | 447 (65.0) | 133 (68.9) | 314 (63.4) | |
| Anti-Sm-Ab | 139 (20.2) | 41 (21.2) | 98 (19.8) | |
| Anti-phospholipid-Ab | 287 (41.7) | 85 (44.0) | 202 (40.8) | |
| Anti-SSA-Ab | 242 (44.7) | 68 (35.2) | 174 (35.2) | |
| Anti-U1-RNP-Ab | 121 (29.3) | 35 (18.1) | 86 (17.4) |