Figure 4.

Aggregation effects of BJIGT combined with riluzole in TDP-43-expressed stress granular cells. TDP-43 stress granular cells were pretreated with BJIGT (100 μg/mL), riluzole (50 μM), and combined BJIGT (100 μg/mL) and riluzole (50 μM) for 6 h before treatment with SA (150 μM) for 18 h. (a) The cells treated with anti-GFP immunofluorescence, the primary antibody, and captured with a fluorescent microscope (200× magnification). (b) Quantification of inclusions. Three representative microscopy fields per sample were analyzed. The aggregated cells by SA treatment were calculated by the number of GFP-positive aggregated cells/total number of cells. (c) Cell lysates identified with immunoblots using antiubiquitin. Con, control; SA, sodium arsenite; BJIGT, Bojungikgi-tang; RI, riluzole.