Figure 3.
The role of NLRP3 overexpression in the protective effect of XXMD on LPS-induced ROS production, hyperpermeability, and NLRP3 inflammasome. HPAEpiC transduced with pLVX-Puro-NLRP3 or blank vector were treated with XXMD (1 mg/mL) for 3 h and then with LPS (10 mg/L) for 24 h, and the (a) TEER, (b) FITC permeability, (c, d) the expression of ZO-1, CLDN4, NLRP3, caspase 1, and (e) the levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were determined. Data are presented as the means ± SD, n = 3. ∗∗∗P < 0.001 compared with control; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, and ###P < 0.001 compared with LPS; ΔΔΔP < 0.001 compared with LPS + XXMD.