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. 2021 Sep 27;2021:5245197. doi: 10.1155/2021/5245197

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Copyright © 2021 Farhin Patel et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PMC Copyright notice

Probiotic V and Met alone or in combination inhibits ethanol-induced intestinal inflammation in the Caco-2 monolayers. Inflammatory gene levels of (a) TNF-α and (b) IL-6 and anti-inflammatory gene level of (c) IL-10. The gene expression levels were measured after normalizing against 18S. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. Statistical analysis: one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. ^###p < 0.001 compared to the control group; ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001 compared with the ethanol-fed group; ^ap < 0.05 compared with the E + probiotic V group; ^bp < 0.05 and ^bbp < 0.01 compared with the E + Met group.