Table 2.
Screening, recruitment, and follow-up rates for participants separated by cohort and characteristics
| Overall | Elective surgery | Emergency surgery | Medical | p value (across groups) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N numbers | |||||
| Screened—N | 451 | 45 | 71 | 335 | |
| Approached—N (% of screened) | 166 (26.8%) | 32 (71.1%) | 43 (60.6%) | 91 (27.2%) | < 0.001a |
| Recruited—N (% of approached) | 81 (48.8%) | 24 (75%) | 16 (37.2%) | 41 (45.1%) | 0.003a |
| 7-day follow-up—N (% of recruited) | 67 (82.7%) | 22 (91.7%) | 13 (81.3%) | 33 (80.5%) | 0.470a |
| 13-week follow-up—N (% of recruited) | 54 (66.7%) | 21 (87.5%) | 10 (62.5%) | 23 (56.1%) | 0.021a |
| p value (within group) | < 0.001b | < 0.001b | < 0.001b | < 0.001b | |
| Age—mean (SD) | |||||
| Screened | 81.2 (7.3) | 76.4 (4.8) | 76.9 (4.7) | 82.8 (7.3) | < 0.001c |
| Approached | 79.5 (6.2) | 76.7 (5.0) | 77.4 (4.6) | 81.5 (6.6) | < 0.001c |
| Recruited | 79.2 (6.6) | 76.4 (5.3) | 75.5 (4.2) | 82.1 (6.7) | < 0.001c |
| 7-day follow-up | 78.8 (6.4) | 76.1 (4.8) | 75.5 (4.2) | 81.7 (6.8) | < 0.001c |
| 13-week follow-up | 78.4 (6.9) | 76.0 (4.9) | 75.6 (4.2) | 82.1 (7.9) | 0.004c |
| p value (within group) | 0.001d | 0.092d | 0.425d | 0.598d | |
| Gender—Females % (N) | |||||
| Screened | 50.2 (226) | 53.3 (24) | 49.3 (35) | 50.0 (167) | 0.902a |
| Approached | 48.8 (81) | 59.4 (19) | 44.2 (19) | 47.3 (43) | 0.389a |
| Recruited | 38.8 (31) | 50.0 (12) | 33.3 (5) | 34.1 (14) | 0.400a |
| 7-day follow-up | 40.6 (28) | 54.5 (12) | 38.5 (5) | 33.3 (11) | 0.227a |
| 13-week follow-up | 44.4 (24) | 52.4 (11) | 40.0 (4) | 39.1 (9) | 0.701a |
| p value (within group) | 0.228a | 0.968a | 0.722a | 0.127a | |
| Baseline Frailty Index—mean (SD) | |||||
| Recruited | 0.27 (0.11) | 0.20 (0.09) | 0.25 (0.13) | 0.32 (0.09) | < 0.001c |
| 7-day follow-up | 0.27 (0.11) | 0.20 (0.08) | 0.25 (0.14) | 0.33 (0.08) | < 0.001c |
| 13-week follow-up | 0.27 (0.11) | 0.21 (0.08) | 0.23 (0.15) | 0.32 (0.09) | < 0.001c |
| p value (within group) | 0.755d | 0.989d | 0.941d | 0.973d | |
| Cognitive impairment (delirium and pre- existent)—% (N) | |||||
| Recruited | 17.3 (14) | 8.3 (2) | 12.5 (2) | 24.4 (10) | 0.218a |
| 7-day follow-up | 15.9 (11) | 4.5 (1) | 15.4 (2) | 23.5 (8) | 0.166a |
| 13-week follow-up | 13.2 (7) | 4.8 (1) | 20.0 (2) | 18.2 (4) | 0.336a |
| p value (within group) | 0.817a | 0.830a | 0.876a | 0.845a | |
aChi-squared test
bCochran’s Q tes
cOne-way ANOVA
dLinear mixed models