Table 1.
Studies which include cases in vivo
| Author | Year | Origin | Study type | Anatomical/surgical | N° of patients /specimen | Portals (n° of patients) | Approach | Craniectomy | Reconstruction | Target area | Surgical landmarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Park [53] | 2020 | South Korea | CSt | Sx | 24 patients (11 TO) | TO (vs minipterional approach) (11) | SLC | Drilling of GSW |
Fascia lata or AlloDerm, with TachoSil, abdominal fat |
Sphenoid wing | SOF, OC, IOF, MLA, GSW, MOB, TM |
| Gerges [27] | 2019 | USA | LI + Case | An + Sx | 4 cadaver heads + 1 patient | TO (1) | Inferior eyelid | None | None | ITF, PS | IOF, GSW, TM, ZR, LPM |
| De Rosa [16] | 2019 | Spain/Italy | LI + Case | An + Sx | 3 cadaver heads + 1 patient | TO + (endoscopic extraorbital) (1) | SLC + Lateral canthotomy (for extraorbital corridor) | Drilling of GSW and LSW | Tisseel, Fat graft | FR, FO, SOF | SOF, IOF + TM, pterion (for extraorbital corridor) |
| Lee [34] | 2019 | South Korea | CSt | Sx | 21 patients (9 TO) | TO (7), TO + TN (2) | SLC | Removal of LOW and vertical crest | 2 layers autologous fascia or alloderm + suturing of the dura | MCF, CS | SOF, MOB, V1, V2 |
| Golbin [28] | 2019 | Russia | CSt | Sx | 12 patients (6 biopsies, 6 resections) | TO (9), TO + TN (3) | SLC (8), retrocaruncular (2), lateral retrocanthal (1), upper medial (1) | Not mentioned | Fat graft, fascia lata (3 layer) | N/A | SOF, IOF, GSW, FR, FO, FS (for SL approach) - ALC, lacrimal ethmoid suture, AEA, PEA, OC (for RC) |
| Lubbe [41] | 2019 | South Africa | LI + case | Sx + An | 1 patient, 1 cadaver head | TO + TN (1) | Contralateral PC | N/A | Abdominal fat, DuraGen, NSF | Lateral recess of the sphenoid sinus | AEA, ST |
| Kong [31] | 2018 | South Korea | CSt | Sx | 18 patients | TO (16), TO + TN (2) | SLC | N/A | Double layer fascia lata or alloderm and fat if needed | N/A | N/A |
| Jeon [29] | 2018 | South Korea | CSt | Sx | 9 patients | TO (8), TO + TN (1), Suboccipital craniotomy (1) | SLC | Removal of LOW, vertical crest of IOF, and GSW. Dural incision was made to reach the temporal lobe. İn lesions limited to the MC, an interdural approach reaching the lateral border of the CS | TachoSil, double layer autologous fascia or AlloDerm + Medpor + Miniplate | MC, TL | SOF, GSW, IOF, MOB |
| Dallan [15] | 2018 | Italy | CSt | Sx | 14 patients | TO (10), TO + TN (4) | SLC | In 2 patients with intradural extension through GSW | Multilayer, fascia lata, intradural fat | N/A | IOF, SOF, GSW, TM, MCF dura |
| Lubbe [40] | 2017 | South Africa | CSt | Sx | 7 patients | TO + TN (7) | LRC | Drilling of GSW in addition to removal of LOW (craniectomy in 1 pt) | Underlay DuraGen graft | Orbit, Sphenoid | TM, LOW, GSW |
| Chen [8] | 2015 | USA | Case | Sx | 2 patients | TO (2) | SLC (1), SLC extended laterally from lateral canthus (1) | Drilling of GSW between SOF and IOF (in one case additional LOW removal) | Free local tissue graft, dural sealant | Hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex | SOF, IOF |
| Dallan [12] | 2015 | Italy | LI + CSt | An + Sx | 5 cadaver heads + 4 cases | TO + TN (4) | SLC + inferior eyelid crease | By removal of GSW and extended inferiorly if MCF exposure is needed | ITT + Fat | MCF, CS, V2, V3, ON, ICA, temporal lobe | IOF, SOF, TM, AEA, PEA |
| Lyson [43] | 2014 | Poland | Case | Sx | 1 patient | TO | Lateral orbitotomy | N/A | Tachosil (for the orbit) | Orbit | TM |
| Raza [58] | 2013 | USA | CSt | Sx | 6 patients | TO + TN (4) | PC | Minicraniectomy along the superomedial aspect of the orbit | Fascia lata | Planum sphenoidale (2), ACF (2), cribriform plate, medial orbital roof | AEA, PEA, FES |
| Koppe [32] | 2013 | France | CSt | Sx | 10 patients | TO | SLC | Supraorbital drilling | Dural suture, fat graft | Sella | N/A |
| Lim [36] | 2012 | USA | CSt | Sx | 13 patients | TO | PC (4), SLC (9) | N/A | N/A | frontal sinus, orbit, ACF | N/A |
| Balakrishnan [3] | 2011 | USA | CSt | Sx | 107 patients | TO | LRC (50), LE (65), PC (55), SLC (17) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Moe [48] | 2011 | USA | LI + CSt | An + Sx | 5 cadaver heads + 10 patients | TO | SLC + PC (in each cadaver), SLC (5), PC (4), SLC + PC + PSA + LRC (1) | N/A | For supraorbital defects one-layer allograft, in interorbital defects, 2 layers of allograft + bioglue + Hadad flap (in some cases) | ACF | N/A |
| Moe [47] | 2010 | USA | LI + CSt | An + Sx | 3 cadaver heads + 16 patients | TO | LRC (1), SLC (6), PC (7), PS (1), LRC + SLC + PC + PS (1) | Removal of GSW | N/A | OA, sella, ACF (for PC), ant temporal lobe, MCF (LRC), FR (PS), supraorbital ACF (SLC) | AEA, PEA |
ACF anterior cranial fossa, ACP anterior clinoid process, AEA anterior ethmoidal artery, ALC anterior lacrimal crest, An anatomical, CS cavernous sinus, CSt clinical study, EOA endoscopic orbital approach, FES frontoethmoid suture, FO foramen ovale, FR foramen rotundum, FS foramen spinosum, FZS frontozygomatic suture, GG Gasserian ganglion, GSW greater sphenoidal wing, ICA internal carotid artery, Inf inferior, IOF inferior orbital fissure, ITF infratemporal fossa, KT Kawase triangle, Lat lateral, LI laboratory investigation, LOW lateral orbital wall, LRC lateral retrocanthal, LSW lesser sphenoidal wing, MC Meckel`s cave, MCF middle cranial fossa, Med medial, MIS middle incisural space, MLA meningolacrimal artery, MMA middle meningeal artery, MOB meningoorbital band, MOW medial orbital wall, N/A not applicable, OA orbital apex, OC optic canal, ON optic nerve, PC precaruncular, PCF posterior cranial fossa, PEA posterior ethmoidal artery, PS preseptal lower eyelid, SF supraorbital foramen, SLC superior eyelid crease, SOF superior orbital fissure, Sp sphenoid, ST superior turbinate, Sup superior, Sx surgical, TL temporal lobe, TM temporalis muscle, TN transnasal, TO transorbital, VC Vidian canal, VN Vidian nerve, ZF zygomaticotemporal foramen, ZFB zygomaticofacial bundle, ZTB zygomaticotemporal bundle