Table 1.
Study Sample Characteristics in Full Sample and According to Levels of Chronic Stress, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: Ancillary Study of Body Composition and Adiposity-Related Inflammation (Exam 2/3), United States
| Chronic Stress Level | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (N=918) | Med (N=478) | High (N=413) | P-Value | |
| Age in years, mean (sd) | 65.6 ± 9.6 | 64.6 ± 9.7 | 62.3 ± 9.1 | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Women, % | 414 (45.1) | 252 (52.7) | 243 (58.8) | <0.001 |
| Man, % | 504 (54.9) | 226 (47.3) | 170 (41.2) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White, % | 315 (34.3) | 237 (49.6) | 181 (43.8) | <0.001 |
| Chinese American, % | 165 (18.0) | 34 (7.1) | 32 (7.7) | |
| African American, % | 188 (20.5) | 85 (17.8) | 110 (26.6) | |
| Hispanic, % | 250 (27.2) | 122 (25.5) | 90 (21.8) | |
| Education Attainment | ||||
| High school or less, % | 368 (40.1) | 160 (33.5) | 115 (27.8) | <0.001 |
| Some college, technical school, associate, % | 239 (26.9) | 250 (27.2) | 133 (27.8) | |
| Bachelor’s degree or greater, % | 300 (32.7) | 185 (38.7) | 163 (39.5) | |
| Total Gross Family income | ||||
| <$25,000, % | 271 (30.8) | 116 (25.4) | 117 (30.0) | 0.174 |
| $25,000 to $49,000, % | 275 (31.3) | 133 (29.1) | 123 (31.5) | |
| $50,000 to %100,000, % | 201 (22.9) | 129 (28.2) | 96 (24.6) | |
| >$100,000 | 132 (15.0) | 79 (17.3) | 54 (13.8) | |
| Lifestyle | ||||
| Ever smoker, % | 484 (52.7) | 256 (53.6) | 237 (57.4) | 0.28 |
| Pack years smoked (former smokers) | 10.69 (20.24) | 12.13 (21.42) | 12.97 (22.69) | 0.157 |
| MVPA in MET, min/wk M-Su | 4785.46 (4461.89) | 4954.71 (4811.58) | 5225.53 (5033.59) | 0.283 |
| Sed Behavior, min/week | 1615.75 (1061.96) | 1670.33 (1069.72) | 1772.53 (1131.99) | 0.05 |
| Body mass index kg/m2 | 27.7 (4.6) | 28.2 (5.4) | 29.0 (5.4) | <0.01 |
| Obese, % | 26.8 (246) | 33.1 (158) | 36.6 (151) | <0.01 |
MVPA=Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, WHO = World Health Organization
N (%) reported for categorical variables, Mean ± SD reported for continuous variables
P-value ascertained from a test of differences across groups. Analyses were chi-square (categorical data), t-tests (normally distributed continuous data), and Wilcoxon rank sum tests (skewed continuous data).