Table 1:

Fixed Effects Panel Regression Models Predicting Adult Death Rate as a function of Welfare Generosity 1977-2017

	First Difference Female Death Rate Ages 55+	First Difference Male Death Rate Ages 55+
Lagged Welfare Generosity ($1,000s)	−23.31* (10.83) beta=−0.1670	−41.08* (17.01) beta=−0.2032
State & Year Fixed Effects	Yes	Yes
State Controls	Yes	Yes
Lagged Mortality	Yes	Yes
N	2,000	2,000

Notes: All models include lagged and first-difference values of the independent variables. Robust standard errors in parentheses. Beta coefficients are standardized to standard deviation increase. Models include state and year fixed effects and one-year lagged mortality. Models adjust for state characteristics: Percent non-Hispanic white, percent married, poverty rate, median age, unemployment rate, population size, and median wage income. Full regression results in Appendix Table C1.

⁺p<0.10

^*p<0.05

^**p<0.01