Table 1.

Overview of main chemosensitivity assays developed over the past five decades

Functional assay	Culture method	Endpoint(s)	First study	Ref
Clonogenic assay	3-D matrix culture of tumour cells	Colony formation and counting	1970s	17
DiSC	Cell monolayer	Counting of cell mortality using light microscopy	1983	19
HDRA	3D (collagen sponge)	MTT/[3H] thymidine incorporation	1986	23
FCA	Tumour fragments	Esterase-driven formation of fluorescein	1988	27
EDRA	Tumour fragments	[3H] thymidine incorporation	1990	21
MiCK	Cell monolayer	Measure of cell apoptosis by spectrophotometry	1994	30-34
CD-DST	3D (collagen droplets)	MTT/ATP bioluminescence	1996	26
ATP-CRA	Cell monolayer	ATP bioluminescence	1997	22
ChemoFx®	Cell monolayer	Counting of cell number by fluorescence microscopy	2002	36
The Oncogramme®	Cell monolayer	Counting of cell mortality using light microscopy	2010	38-40
ChemoID®	Cell monolayer	Measure of cell proliferation using WST-8	2014	35
CANScriptTM	Tumour fragments	Multiple	2015	37