Fig. 2.

Nuclear quality analysis was performed with four different assays. The spermatozoa from the different HOST classes, as well as unsorted spermatozoa, were evaluated based on 4 different parameters: A DNA fragmentation with a TUNEL assay, causing the sperm nuclei with significant DNA breaks to exhibit a green fluorescence (1), absent in spermatozoa with intact DNA (2). B DNA decondensation, with a chromomycin A3 assay, with which spermatozoa with decondensed DNA exhibit bright yellow fluorescence (1), as opposed to their condensed nuclei associated with dull orange fluorescence. C Inter-telomeric distance, using telomeric probes for the two arms of chromosomes 1. D Chromosomal territory area for chromosome 1, using a whole chromosome painting probe specific of that chromosome