Table 2.
Chest CT imaging manifestations in non-severe and severe groups from onset to discharge.
| Imaging manifestation | All scans (714 scans from 175 patients) | Non-severe group scans (509 scans from 135 patients) | Severe group scans (205 scans from 43 patients) | p -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Scans per case | 4.07 ± 1.54 | 3.86 ± 1.45 | 4.72 ± 1.67 | 0.004 |
| Period | ||||
| Between Onset and the CT Scan, median (1/4–3/4 quantile), day | 14 (9–20) | 14 (8–19) | 16 (10–23) | 0.003* |
| Between Onset and the 1st CT Scan, median (1/4–3/4 quantile), day** | 7 (5–10) | 7 (4–10) | 7 (4–11.5) | 0.581 |
| Between Onset and the last CT Scan, median (1/4-3/4 quantile), day** | 22 (16.5–26) | 20 (16–25) | 25 (20.5–29) | 0.004 |
| Involved lobes | ||||
| Right upper lobe | 535 (74.9%) | 339 (66.6%) | 196 (95.6%) | <0.001 |
| Right middle lobe | 427 (59.8%) | 266 (52.3%) | 161 (78.5%) | <0.001 |
| Right lower lobe | 608 (85.2%) | 412 (80.9%) | 196(95.6%) | <0.001 |
| Center upper lobe | 511 (71.6%) | 326 (64.1%) | 185 (90.2%) | <0.001 |
| Right lower lobe | 632 (88.5%) | 431 (84.7%) | 201 (98.1%) | <0.001 |
| Location of Lesions | ||||
| Subpleural | 410 (57.4%) | 325 (63.9%) | 85 (41.5%) | <0.001* |
| Central | 7 (1.0%) | 5 (1.0%) | 2 (1.0%) | |
| Both | 282 (39.5%) | 165 (32.4%) | 117 (57.1%) | |
| None | 15 (2.1%) | 14 (2.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Extent of lesions | ||||
| Unifocal | 37 (5.2%) | 36 (7.1%) | 1 (0.5%) | <0.001* |
| Multi-focal | 443 (62.0%) | 367 (72.1%) | 76 (37.1%) | |
| Diffuse | 219 (60.7%) | 92 (18.1%) | 127 (62.0%) | |
| None | 15 (2.1%) | 14 (2.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Extent Score | 7.19 ± 5.13 | 5.19 ± 3.54 | 11.16 ± 6.20 | <0.001* |
| The existence of opacification | ||||
| GGO | 139 (19.5%) | 119 (23.4%) | 20 (9.8%) | <0.001* |
| Mixed (mainly GGO) | 297 (41.6%) | 208 (40.9%) | 89 (43.4%) | |
| Mixed (mainly consolidation) | 241 (33.8%) | 154 (30.3%) | 87 (42.5%) | |
| Consolidation | 22 (3.1%) | 14 (2.8%) | 8 (3.9%) | |
| None | 15 (2.1%) | 14 (2.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Shape of lesions | ||||
| Nodular | 6 (0.9%) | 5 (1.0%) | 1 (0.5%) | <0.001* |
| Linear | 21 (2.9%) | 20 (3.9%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Patchy | 467 (65.4%) | 399 (78.4%) | 68 (33.2%) | |
| Large patchy | 205 (28.7%) | 71 (14.0%) | 134 (65.4%) | |
| None | 15 (2.1%) | 14 (2.8%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
| Halo sign | 115 (16.1%) | 83 (16.3%) | 28 (13.7%) | 0.442* |
| Existence Period, day | 11 (7–16.5) | 11 (8–15) | 10 (5–19.25) | 0.663 |
| Reverse Halo Sign | 16 (2.2%) | 11 (2.2%) | 5 (2.4%) | 0.785* |
| Existence Period, day | 9 (5–16.5) | 7 (4.5–14.5) | 13 (8–16) | 0.467 |
| Reticular patterns | 231 (32.4%) | 108 (15.1%) | 123 (60.0%) | <0.001 |
| Existence Period, day | 14 (9–20) | 11 (8–15) | 17 (12–23.5) | <0.001 |
| Air Bronchogram | 268 (37.5%) | 155 (30.5%) | 113 (55.1%) | <0.001 |
| Existence Period, day | 12 (8–18) | 10 (7–15) | 16 (11–22) | 0.006 |
| Bronchiolectasis | 74 (10.4%) | 24 (4.7%) | 50 (24.4%) | <0.001 |
| Existence Period, day | 16.5 (11.25–23) | 11 (6.75–11.25) | 18 (14–25.75) | 0.188 |
| Vascular enlargement | 284 (39.8%) | 166 (32.6%) | 118 (57.6%) | <0.001 |
| Existence Period, day | 12 (8–18) | 11 (7–16) | 15 (10–22.75) | <0.001* |
| Crazy–paving sign | 113(15.8%) | 95(18.7%) | 18(8.8%) | 0.014 |
| Existence Period, day | 11(7–14) | 11(7–14) | 11.5(7–14.25) | 0.705 |
| Pleural thickening | 408 (57.1%) | 242 (47.5%) | 166 (81.0%) | <0.001 |
| Existence Period, day | 14 (9–20) | 12 (8–17) | 17 (11.25–23) | 0.136 |
| Pleural traction | 325 (45.5%) | 184 (36.2%) | 141 (68.8%) | <0.001 |
| Existence Period, day | 15 (11–21) | 14 (9–19) | 18 (12–24) | 0.013 |
| Pleural effusion | 40 (6.0%) | 17 (3.3%) | 23 (11.2%) | <0.001 |
| Existence Period, day | 18 (13.75–22.25) | 15 (11–19) | 18 (15.5–23) | 0.017 |
| Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy | 34 (4.8%) | 17 (3.3%) | 19 (9.3%) | 0.002 |
| Existence Period, day | 17.5 (11.75–23.25) | 14 (10–19) | 21 (15.5–25.5) | 0.011 |
| Change of liver density | 8.41 ± 9.33 | 9.23 ± 8.19 | 7.05 ± 10.86 | 0.124 |
*
Wilcoxon's rank-sum test and Fisher's exact test were used when non-normal distribution or heterogeneous variance of the data.
**
The periods were calculated from the first CT scan in 175 patients.
Existence period: The existence period of certain positive radiological findings.
The p value in bold indicates that P is less than 0.05 and is statistically significant.