Table 6.

Performance evaluation of ML-based classifiers on X-ray images for classification between COVID-19, Normal, and Pneumonia patients

Module	Performance metrics
	Ac	Sen	Spe	F1-score	AUC
SVM	0.911	0.910	0.955	0.910	0.971
RF	0.902	0.902	0.951	0.901	0.974
XGB	0.893	0.893	0.946	0.893	0.972
Ensemble	0. 917	0.916	0.958	0.917	0.976

The results of our proposed approach are shown in bold