Table 8.

Performance evaluation of ML-based classifiers for multi-class classification on $({\mathcal{D}}_3)$ dataset

Module	Performance metrics
	Ac	Sen	Spe	F1-score	AUC
GoogleNet	0.603	0.586	0.882	0.591	0.818
DenseNet	0.614	0.597	0.886	0.605	0.813
SVM	0.614	0.597	0.886	0.605	0.813
RF	0.611	0.589	0.884	0.598	0.815
XGB	0.609	0.594	0.884	0.600	0.803
Ensemble	0.616	0.597	0.886	0.605	0.802

The results of our proposed approach are shown in bold