A–CThiophosphorylation assays of wild‐type and mutated forms ARR1/10/12 by MPK3/6 in vitro. Potential phosphorylated Ser residues or Thr residues of ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12 were mutated to Ala (ARR1m/ARR10m/ARR12m). Recombinant ARR1/10/12‐His and ARR1m/10m/12m‐His proteins were incubated with MPK3 and MPK6 which were activated by MKK5DD. Phosphorylated ARR1/10/12, ARR1m/10m/12m, and MPK3/6 were visualized by an anti‐thiophosphate ester‐specific antibody (α‐TPE) (upper panel). Asterisk in (B) indicates non‐specific bands. Recombinant MKK5DD, MPK3, MPK6, ARR1/10/12, and ARR1m/10m/12m were detected by coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) staining as loading controls (bottom panel).