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. 2021 Jan 16;161:105117. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105117

Table 3.

Country level regression results for the relationship between disparities in cooking frequency based on gender and subjective well-being.

Subjective well-being (N = 123)
Life Evaluation
Positive experience
Negative experience
(range:0–10)
(range:0–100)
(range:0–100)
Β (SE) Β (SE) Β (SE)
Gender disparity in cooking frequency (mean:0, SD:1) 0.006 (0.057) −0.021** (0.008) 0.002 (0.07)
Log GDP per capita 0.278** (0.102) −0.003 (0.014) −0.007 (0.012)
Healthy life expectancy at birth 0.030 (0.016) −0.001 (0.002) 5.851E-5 (0.002)
Generosity 0.117 (0.411) 0.089 (0.056) −0.035 (0.048)
Perception of corruption −0.995 (0.377) 0.024 (0.052) 0.027 (0.044)
Freedom to make life choices 1.563** (0.569) 0.512** (0.078) −0.064 (0.067)
Social support 2.384 (0.807) 0.235 (0.110) −0.398** (0.095)
Adjusted R-squared 0.702** 0.450** 0.397**

Note: Life evaluation is perceptions of where respondents stand now. Positive and Negative experience are measures of respondents' experienced well-being on the day before the survey. High score explains high experiencing positive and negative for each measure. Gender disparity is the mean difference in cooking frequency between women and men. The measure of healthy life expectancy at birth is constructed based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory data repository. Generosity is the residual of regressing the national average of GWP responses to the question “Have you donated money to a charity in the past month?” on GDP per capita. Perceptions of corruption are the average of binary answers to two GWP questions: “Is corruption widespread throughout the government or not?” and “Is corruption widespread within businesses or not?” Where data for government corruption are missing, the perception of business corruption is used as the overall corruption-perception measure. Freedom to make life choices is the national average of binary responses to the GWP question “Are you satisfied or dissatisfied with your freedom to choose what you do with your life?” Social support is the national average of the binary responses (either 0 or 1) to the GWP question “If you were in trouble, do you have relatives or friends you can count on to help you whenever you need them, or not?”

*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001