Table 17.
Five-Year Total, Annual Average Totala, and Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Ratesb with 95% Confidence Intervals for Children and Adolescents (Age 0–19 Years), Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors by Histology, and Racec, CBTRUS Statistical Report: U.S. Cancer Statistics – NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018
| Histology | White | Black | American Indian/Alaska Native | Asian/Pacific Islander | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | |
| Diffuse Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors | 1,774 | 355 | 0.57 (0.55–0.60) | 280 | 56 | 0.41 (0.37–0.46) | 23 | 5 | 0.30 (0.19–0.46) | 120 | 24 | 0.47 (0.39–0.56) |
| Diffuse astrocytoma | 744 | 149 | 0.24 (0.22–0.26) | 110 | 22 | 0.16 (0.13–0.19) | -- | -- | -- | 54 | 11 | 0.21 (0.16–0.28) |
| Anaplastic astrocytoma | 291 | 58 | 0.09 (0.08–0.11) | 49 | 10 | 0.07 (0.05–0.10) | -- | -- | -- | 17 | 3 | 0.07 (0.04–0.11) |
| Glioblastoma | 547 | 109 | 0.18 (0.16–0.19) | 94 | 19 | 0.14 (0.11–0.17) | -- | -- | -- | 38 | 8 | 0.15 (0.11–0.21) |
| Oligodendroglioma | 131 | 26 | 0.04 (0.04–0.05) | 19 | 4 | 0.03 (0.02–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Anaplastic oligodendroglioma | 16 | 3 | 0.01 (0.00–0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Oligoastrocytic tumors | 45 | 9 | 0.01 (0.01–0.02) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other Astrocytic Tumors | 3,494 | 699 | 1.14 (1.10–1.17) | 534 | 107 | 0.78 (0.72–0.85) | 41 | 8 | 0.54 (0.38–0.73) | 209 | 42 | 0.82 (0.71–0.94) |
| Pilocytic astrocytoma | 3,118 | 624 | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 461 | 92 | 0.67 (0.61–0.74) | -- | -- | -- | 178 | 36 | 0.70 (0.60–0.81) |
| Unique astrocytoma variants | 376 | 75 | 0.12 (0.11–0.14) | 73 | 15 | 0.11 (0.08–0.14) | -- | -- | -- | 31 | 6 | 0.12 (0.08–0.17) |
| Malignant | 185 | 37 | 0.06 (0.05–0.07) | 24 | 5 | 0.04 (0.02–0.05) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 191 | 38 | 0.06 (0.05–0.07) | 49 | 10 | 0.07 (0.05–0.10) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Ependymal Tumors | 932 | 186 | 0.30 (0.28–0.32) | 149 | 30 | 0.22 (0.18–0.25) | -- | -- | -- | 56 | 11 | 0.22 (0.17–0.28) |
| Malignant | 768 | 154 | 0.25 (0.23–0.27) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 164 | 33 | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other Gliomas | 2,432 | 486 | 0.79 (0.76–0.82) | 431 | 86 | 0.63 (0.57–0.69) | 28 | 6 | 0.36 (0.24–0.53) | 172 | 34 | 0.67 (0.58–0.78) |
| Glioma malignant, NOS | 2,406 | 481 | 0.78 (0.75–0.82) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other neuroepithelial tumors | 26 | 5 | 0.01 (0.01-0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Neuronal and Mixed Neuronal-Glial Tumors | 1,580 | 316 | 0.51 (0.49–0.54) | 269 | 54 | 0.40 (0.35–0.45) | 20 | 4 | 0.26 (0.16–0.40) | 109 | 22 | 0.43 (0.35–0.52) |
| Malignant | 113 | 23 | 0.04 (0.03–0.04) | 18 | 4 | 0.03 (0.02–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 1,467 | 293 | 0.47 (0.45–0.50) | 251 | 50 | 0.37 (0.33–0.42) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Choroid Plexus Tumors | 325 | 65 | 0.11 (0.09–0.12) | 56 | 11 | 0.08 (0.06–0.11) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Malignant | 76 | 15 | 0.02 (0.02–0.03) | 17 | 3 | 0.02 (0.01–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 249 | 50 | 0.08 (0.07–0.09) | 39 | 8 | 0.06 (0.04–0.08) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of the Pineal Region | 140 | 28 | 0.05 (0.04–0.05) | 53 | 11 | 0.08 (0.06–0.10) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Malignant | 110 | 22 | 0.04 (0.03–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 30 | 6 | 0.01 (0.01-0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Embryonal Tumors | 1,856 | 371 | 0.61 (0.58–0.63) | 292 | 58 | 0.42 (0.38–0.48) | 29 | 6 | 0.37 (0.25–0.54) | 159 | 32 | 0.62 (0.53–0.73) |
| Medulloblastoma | 1,298 | 260 | 0.42 (0.40–0.45) | 176 | 35 | 0.26 (0.22–0.30) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Primitive neuroectodermal tumors | 159 | 32 | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) | 32 | 6 | 0.05 (0.03–0.07) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor | 280 | 56 | 0.09 (0.08–0.10) | 58 | 12 | 0.08 (0.06–0.11) | -- | -- | -- | 30 | 6 | 0.12 (0.08–0.17) |
| All other embryonal | 119 | 24 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 26 | 5 | 0.04 (0.02–0.05) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of Cranial and Paraspinal Nerves | 935 | 187 | 0.30 (0.28–0.32) | 141 | 28 | 0.21 (0.17–0.24) | -- | -- | -- | 79 | 16 | 0.31 (0.25–0.39) |
| Nerve sheath tumors | 933 | 187 | 0.30 (0.28–0.32) | 141 | 28 | 0.21 (0.17–0.24) | -- | -- | -- | 79 | 16 | 0.31 (0.25–0.39) |
| Other tumors of cranial and paraspinal nerves | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of Meninges | 1,005 | 201 | 0.32 (0.30–0.34) | 168 | 34 | 0.25 (0.21–0.29) | -- | -- | -- | 66 | 13 | 0.26 (0.20–0.33) |
| Meningiomas | 521 | 104 | 0.17 (0.15–0.18) | 98 | 20 | 0.14 (0.12–0.17) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Malignant | 24 | 5 | 0.01 (0.00–0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 497 | 99 | 0.16 (0.15–0.17) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Mesenchymal tumors | 473 | 95 | 0.15 (0.14–0.17) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 37 | 7 | 0.15 (0.10–0.20) |
| Malignant | 57 | 11 | 0.02 (0.01–0.02) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 416 | 83 | 0.13 (0.12–0.15) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Primary melanocytic lesions | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Lymphomas and Hematopoietic Neoplasms | 97 | 19 | 0.03 (0.03–0.04) | 16 | 3 | 0.02 (0.01–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | 20 | 4 | 0.08 (0.05–0.12) |
| Lymphoma | 97 | 19 | 0.03 (0.03–0.04) | 16 | 3 | 0.02 (0.01–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | 20 | 4 | 0.08 (0.05–0.12) |
| Other hematopoietic neoplasms | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Germ Cell Tumors | 643 | 129 | 0.21 (0.19–0.23) | 90 | 18 | 0.13 (0.11–0.16) | -- | -- | -- | 86 | 17 | 0.34 (0.27–0.42) |
| Malignant | 572 | 114 | 0.19 (0.17–0.20) | -- | -- | 0.11 (0.09–0.14) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 71 | 14 | 0.02 (0.02–0.03) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of Sellar Region | 3,405 | 681 | 1.09 (1.05–1.13) | 654 | 131 | 0.96 (0.88–1.03) | 52 | 10 | 0.70 (0.52–0.91) | 240 | 48 | 0.94 (0.83–1.07) |
| Tumors of the pituitary | 2,783 | 557 | 0.89 (0.85–0.92) | 501 | 100 | 0.73 (0.67–0.80) | -- | -- | -- | 196 | 39 | 0.77 (0.67–0.89) |
| Craniopharyngioma | 622 | 124 | 0.20 (0.19–0.22) | 153 | 31 | 0.22 (0.19–0.26) | -- | -- | -- | 44 | 9 | 0.17 (0.13–0.23) |
| Unclassified Tumors | 1,228 | 246 | 0.40 (0.37–0.42) | 192 | 38 | 0.28 (0.24–0.32) | 18 | 4 | 0.23 (0.14–0.37) | 90 | 18 | 0.36 (0.29–0.44) |
| Hemangioma | 404 | 81 | 0.13 (0.12–0.14) | 44 | 9 | 0.06 (0.05–0.09) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Neoplasm, unspecified | 662 | 132 | 0.21 (0.20–0.23) | 114 | 23 | 0.17 (0.14–0.20) | -- | -- | -- | 57 | 11 | 0.23 (0.17–0.29) |
| Malignant | 158 | 32 | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) | 37 | 7 | 0.05 (0.04–0.07) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 504 | 101 | 0.16 (0.15–0.18) | 77 | 15 | 0.11 (0.09–0.14) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| All other | 162 | 32 | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) | 34 | 7 | 0.05 (0.03–0.07) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Malignant | 47 | 9 | 0.02 (0.01–0.02) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 115 | 23 | 0.04 (0.03–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| TOTAL d | 19,846 | 3,969 | 6.42 (6.33–6.51) | 3,325 | 665 | 4.87 (4.70–5.04) | 253 | 51 | 3.32 (2.93–3.76) | 1,438 | 288 | 5.65 (5.36–5.95) |
| Malignant | 11,398 | 2,280 | 3.70 (3.64–3.77) | 1,865 | 373 | 2.73 (2.61–2.86) | 140 | 28 | 1.82 (1.53–2.15) | 832 | 166 | 3.26 (3.05–3.49) |
| Non-Malignant | 8,448 | 1,690 | 2.72 (2.66–2.78) | 1,460 | 292 | 2.14 (2.03–2.25) | 113 | 23 | 1.50 (1.23–1.80) | 606 | 121 | 2.38 (2.20–2.58) |
aAnnual average cases are calculated by dividing the five-year total by five.
bRates are per 100,000 and are age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.
cIndividuals with unknown race were excluded (N = 623).
dRefers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.
- Counts and rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific category. The suppressed cases are included in the counts and rates for totals.
Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; NPCR, National Program of Cancer Registries; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; CI, confidence interval; NOS, not otherwise specified.