Table 8.
Five-Year Total, Annual Average Totala, and Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Ratesb with 95% Confidence Intervals for Children and Adolescents (Age 0–19 Years), Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors by Histology, and Age Group at Diagnosis, CBTRUS Statistical Report: U.S. Cancer Statistics – NPCR and SEER, 2014–2018
| Histology | 0–19 Years | 0–4 Years | 5–9 Years | 10–14 Years | 15–19 Years | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | 5-Year Total | Annual Average | Rate (95% CI) | |
| Diffuse Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors | 2,248 | 450 | 0.55 (0.53–0.57) | 445 | 89 | 0.45 (0.41–0.49) | 467 | 93 | 0.46 (0.42–0.50) | 602 | 120 | 0.58 (0.54–0.63) | 734 | 147 | 0.70 (0.65–0.75) |
| Diffuse astrocytoma | 946 | 189 | 0.23 (0.22–0.25) | 246 | 49 | 0.25 (0.22–0.28) | 183 | 37 | 0.18 (0.15–0.21) | 256 | 51 | 0.25 (0.22–0.28) | 261 | 52 | 0.25 (0.22–0.28) |
| Anaplastic astrocytoma | 365 | 73 | 0.09 (0.08–0.10) | 60 | 12 | 0.06 (0.05–0.08) | 89 | 18 | 0.09 (0.07–0.11) | 101 | 20 | 0.10 (0.08–0.12) | 115 | 23 | 0.11 (0.09–0.13) |
| Glioblastoma | 700 | 140 | 0.17 (0.16–0.18) | 104 | 21 | 0.11 (0.09–0.13) | 161 | 32 | 0.16 (0.14–0.19) | 196 | 39 | 0.19 (0.16–0.22) | 239 | 48 | 0.23 (0.20–0.26) |
| Oligodendroglioma | 164 | 33 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 20 | 4 | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) | 21 | 4 | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) | 37 | 7 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 86 | 17 | 0.08 (0.07–0.10) |
| Anaplastic oligodendroglioma | 22 | 4 | 0.01 (0.00–0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Oligoastrocytic tumors | 51 | 10 | 0.01 (0.01–0.02) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other Astrocytic Tumors | 4,371 | 874 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | 1,331 | 266 | 1.34 (1.27–1.41) | 1,231 | 246 | 1.21 (1.14–1.28) | 1,064 | 213 | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | 745 | 149 | 0.71 (0.66–0.76) |
| Pilocytic astrocytoma | 3,877 | 775 | 0.95 (0.92–0.98) | 1,227 | 245 | 1.23 (1.17–1.31) | 1,109 | 222 | 1.09 (1.02–1.15) | 914 | 183 | 0.88 (0.83–0.94) | 627 | 125 | 0.60 (0.55–0.64) |
| Unique astrocytoma variants | 494 | 99 | 0.12 (0.11–0.13) | 104 | 21 | 0.11 (0.09–0.13) | 122 | 24 | 0.12 (0.10–0.14) | 150 | 30 | 0.15 (0.12–0.17) | 118 | 24 | 0.11 (0.09–0.13) |
| Malignant | 227 | 45 | 0.06 (0.05–0.06) | -- | -- | -- | 46 | 9 | 0.05 (0.03–0.06) | 88 | 18 | 0.09 (0.07–0.11) | 81 | 16 | 0.08 (0.06–0.10) |
| Non-Malignant | 267 | 53 | 0.07 (0.06–0.07) | -- | -- | -- | 76 | 15 | 0.07 (0.06–0.09) | 62 | 12 | 0.06 (0.05–0.08) | 37 | 7 | 0.04 (0.02–0.05) |
| Ependymal Tumors | 1,176 | 235 | 0.29 (0.27–0.30) | 456 | 91 | 0.46 (0.42–0.50) | 242 | 48 | 0.24 (0.21–0.27) | 243 | 49 | 0.23 (0.21–0.27) | 235 | 47 | 0.22 (0.20–0.25) |
| Malignant | 985 | 197 | 0.24 (0.23–0.26) | 439 | 88 | 0.44 (0.40–0.48) | 211 | 42 | 0.21 (0.18–0.24) | 185 | 37 | 0.18 (0.15–0.21) | 150 | 30 | 0.14 (0.12–0.17) |
| Non-Malignant | 191 | 38 | 0.05 (0.04–0.05) | 17 | 3 | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) | 31 | 6 | 0.03 (0.02–0.04) | 58 | 12 | 0.06 (0.04–0.07) | 85 | 17 | 0.08 (0.06–0.10) |
| Other Gliomas | 3,133 | 627 | 0.77 (0.74–0.79) | 914 | 183 | 0.92 (0.86–0.98) | 1,002 | 200 | 0.98 (0.92–1.05) | 742 | 148 | 0.72 (0.67–0.77) | 475 | 95 | 0.45 (0.41–0.49) |
| Glioma malignant, NOS | 3,093 | 619 | 0.75 (0.73–0.78) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other neuroepithelial tumors | 34 | 7 | 0.01 (0.01-0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Neuronal and Mixed Neuronal-Glial Tumors | 2,012 | 402 | 0.49 (0.47–0.51) | 373 | 75 | 0.38 (0.34–0.42) | 375 | 75 | 0.37 (0.33–0.41) | 623 | 125 | 0.60 (0.55–0.65) | 641 | 128 | 0.61 (0.56–0.66) |
| Malignant | 140 | 28 | 0.03 (0.03–0.04) | 39 | 8 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 24 | 5 | 0.02 (0.02–0.04) | 37 | 7 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 40 | 8 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) |
| Non-Malignant | 1,872 | 374 | 0.46 (0.44–0.48) | 334 | 67 | 0.34 (0.30–0.38) | 351 | 70 | 0.35 (0.31–0.38) | 586 | 117 | 0.57 (0.52–0.61) | 601 | 120 | 0.57 (0.53–0.62) |
| Choroid Plexus Tumors | 416 | 83 | 0.10 (0.09–0.11) | 261 | 52 | 0.26 (0.23–0.30) | 51 | 10 | 0.05 (0.04–0.07) | 57 | 11 | 0.05 (0.04–0.07) | 47 | 9 | 0.04 (0.03–0.06) |
| Malignant | 104 | 21 | 0.03 (0.02–0.03) | 83 | 17 | 0.08 (0.07–0.10) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 312 | 62 | 0.08 (0.07–0.08) | 178 | 36 | 0.18 (0.15–0.21) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of the Pineal Region | 213 | 43 | 0.05 (0.05–0.06) | 58 | 12 | 0.06 (0.04–0.08) | 51 | 10 | 0.05 (0.04–0.07) | 38 | 8 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 66 | 13 | 0.06 (0.05–0.08) |
| Malignant | 176 | 35 | 0.04 (0.04–0.05) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 41 | 8 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) |
| Non-Malignant | 37 | 7 | 0.01 (0.01-0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 17 | 3 | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
| Embryonal Tumors | 2,397 | 479 | 0.59 (0.56–0.61) | 1,065 | 213 | 1.07 (1.01–1.14) | 731 | 146 | 0.72 (0.67–0.77) | 400 | 80 | 0.39 (0.35–0.43) | 201 | 40 | 0.19 (0.17–0.22) |
| Medulloblastoma | 1,652 | 330 | 0.41 (0.39–0.43) | 505 | 101 | 0.51 (0.46–0.55) | 636 | 127 | 0.63 (0.58–0.68) | 345 | 69 | 0.33 (0.30–0.37) | 166 | 33 | 0.16 (0.13–0.18) |
| Primitive neuroectodermal tumors | 208 | 42 | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) | 107 | 21 | 0.11 (0.09–0.13) | 45 | 9 | 0.04 (0.03–0.06) | 35 | 7 | 0.03 (0.02–0.05) | 21 | 4 | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) |
| Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor | 382 | 76 | 0.09 (0.08–0.10) | 332 | 66 | 0.34 (0.30–0.37) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| All other embryonal | 155 | 31 | 0.04 (0.03–0.04) | 121 | 24 | 0.12 (0.10–0.15) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of Cranial and Paraspinal Nerves | 1,202 | 240 | 0.29 (0.28–0.31) | 255 | 51 | 0.26 (0.23–0.29) | 206 | 41 | 0.20 (0.18–0.23) | 287 | 57 | 0.28 (0.25–0.31) | 454 | 91 | 0.43 (0.39–0.47) |
| Nerve sheath tumors | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other tumors of cranial and paraspinal nerves | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of Meninges | 1,291 | 258 | 0.31 (0.30–0.33) | 251 | 50 | 0.25 (0.22–0.29) | 156 | 31 | 0.15 (0.13–0.18) | 291 | 58 | 0.28 (0.25–0.32) | 593 | 119 | 0.56 (0.52–0.61) |
| Meningiomas | 667 | 133 | 0.16 (0.15–0.17) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 163 | 33 | 0.16 (0.13–0.18) | 356 | 71 | 0.34 (0.30–0.38) |
| Malignant | 27 | 5 | 0.01 (0.00–0.01) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 640 | 128 | 0.15 (0.14–0.17) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Mesenchymal tumors | 611 | 122 | 0.15 (0.14–0.16) | 179 | 36 | 0.18 (0.15–0.21) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Primary melanocytic lesions | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Lymphomas and Hematopoietic Neoplasms | 135 | 27 | 0.03 (0.03–0.04) | 19 | 4 | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) | 34 | 7 | 0.03 (0.02–0.05) | 35 | 7 | 0.03 (0.02–0.05) | 47 | 9 | 0.04 (0.03–0.06) |
| Lymphoma | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Other hematopoietic neoplasms | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Germ Cell Tumors | 849 | 170 | 0.21 (0.19–0.22) | 109 | 22 | 0.11 (0.09–0.13) | 156 | 31 | 0.15 (0.13–0.18) | 318 | 64 | 0.31 (0.28–0.34) | 266 | 53 | 0.25 (0.22–0.28) |
| Malignant | 752 | 150 | 0.18 (0.17–0.20) | 71 | 14 | 0.07 (0.06–0.09) | 126 | 25 | 0.12 (0.10–0.15) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 97 | 19 | 0.02 (0.02–0.03) | 38 | 8 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 30 | 6 | 0.03 (0.02–0.04) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Tumors of Sellar Region | 4,484 | 897 | 1.08 (1.05–1.12) | 194 | 39 | 0.20 (0.17–0.23) | 612 | 122 | 0.60 (0.56–0.65) | 965 | 193 | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) | 2,713 | 543 | 2.58 (2.48–2.68) |
| Tumors of the pituitary | 3,639 | 728 | 0.88 (0.85–0.91) | 48 | 10 | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) | 308 | 62 | 0.30 (0.27–0.34) | 740 | 148 | 0.71 (0.66–0.76) | 2,543 | 509 | 2.42 (2.32–2.51) |
| Craniopharyngioma | 845 | 169 | 0.21 (0.19–0.22) | 146 | 29 | 0.15 (0.12–0.17) | 304 | 61 | 0.30 (0.27–0.33) | 225 | 45 | 0.22 (0.19–0.25) | 170 | 34 | 0.16 (0.14–0.19) |
| Unclassified Tumors | 1,570 | 314 | 0.38 (0.36–0.40) | 375 | 75 | 0.38 (0.34–0.42) | 314 | 63 | 0.31 (0.28–0.35) | 409 | 82 | 0.39 (0.36–0.43) | 472 | 94 | 0.45 (0.41–0.49) |
| Hemangioma | 486 | 97 | 0.12 (0.11–0.13) | 72 | 14 | 0.07 (0.06–0.09) | 87 | 17 | 0.09 (0.07–0.11) | 135 | 27 | 0.13 (0.11–0.15) | 192 | 38 | 0.18 (0.16–0.21) |
| Neoplasm, unspecified | 868 | 174 | 0.21 (0.20–0.23) | 191 | 38 | 0.19 (0.17–0.22) | 182 | 36 | 0.18 (0.15–0.21) | 248 | 50 | 0.24 (0.21–0.27) | 247 | 49 | 0.23 (0.21–0.27) |
| Malignant | 219 | 44 | 0.05 (0.05–0.06) | 71 | 14 | 0.07 (0.06–0.09) | 52 | 10 | 0.05 (0.04–0.07) | 45 | 9 | 0.04 (0.03–0.06) | 51 | 10 | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) |
| Non-Malignant | 649 | 130 | 0.16 (0.15–0.17) | 120 | 24 | 0.12 (0.10–0.14) | 130 | 26 | 0.13 (0.11–0.15) | 203 | 41 | 0.20 (0.17–0.22) | 196 | 39 | 0.19 (0.16–0.21) |
| All other | 216 | 43 | 0.05 (0.05–0.06) | 112 | 22 | 0.11 (0.09–0.14) | 45 | 9 | 0.04 (0.03–0.06) | 26 | 5 | 0.02 (0.02–0.04) | 33 | 7 | 0.03 (0.02–0.04) |
| Malignant | 65 | 13 | 0.02 (0.01–0.02) | 36 | 7 | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Non-Malignant | 151 | 30 | 0.04 (0.03–0.04) | 76 | 15 | 0.08 (0.06–0.10) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| TOTAL c | 25,497 | 5,099 | 6.21 (6.14–6.29) | 6,106 | 1,221 | 6.15 (6.00–6.31) | 5,628 | 1,126 | 5.53 (5.39–5.68) | 6,074 | 1,215 | 5.87 (5.72–6.02) | 7,689 | 1,538 | 7.31 (7.14–7.47) |
| Malignant | 14,586 | 2,917 | 3.57 (3.51–3.62) | 4,502 | 900 | 4.54 (4.40–4.67) | 3,903 | 781 | 3.83 (3.71–3.96) | 3,429 | 686 | 3.32 (3.21–3.43) | 2,752 | 550 | 2.61 (2.52–2.71) |
| Non-Malignant | 10,911 | 2,182 | 2.65 (2.60–2.70) | 1,604 | 321 | 1.62 (1.54–1.70) | 1,725 | 345 | 1.70 (1.62–1.78) | 2,645 | 529 | 2.55 (2.45–2.65) | 4,937 | 987 | 4.69 (4.56–4.82) |
aAnnual average cases are calculated by dividing the five-year total by five.
bRates are per 100,000 and are age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.
cRefers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.
--Counts and rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific category. The suppressed cases are included in the counts and rates for totals.
Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; NPCR, National Program of Cancer Registries; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program; CI, confidence interval; NOS, not otherwise specified