Table 2.

Progression in glycemic and metabolic variables and changes in insulin indices in SARS-CoV-2 infected and non-infected groups between two study time points

Variable	Overall (n = 312)	Non-infected (n = 193)	Infected (n = 159)	p value
Progression in glycemic category	71 (20.2)	38 (19.7)	33 (20.8)	0.804
NG to PD	53 (15.1)	29 (15.0)	24 (15.1)
PD to DM	16 (4.6)	8 (4.2)	8 (5.0)	0.965
NG to DM	2 (0.6)	1 (0.5)	1 (0.6)
Progression in BMI category	56 (15.9)	22 (11.4)	34 (21.4)	0.011
NW to OW	41 (11.7)	15 (7.8)	26 (16.4)
OW to OB	15 (4.3)	7 (3.6)	8 (5.0)	0.031
Progression in HOMA-IR category	113 (32.9)	60 (31.6)	53 (34.4)	0.578
Baseline HOMA-IR	2.35 (1.57, 3.58)	2.48 (1.75, 3.77)	2.30 (1.50, 3.15)
Follow-up HOMA-IR	2.85 (1.92, 4.41)	3.05 (2.00, 4.52)	2.70 (1.86, 4.14)
Delta HOMA-IRa	0.48 (− 0.27, 1.24)	0.46 (− 0.40, 1.37)	0.49 (− 0.12, 1.16)	0.854
Progression in Matsuda index category	95 (30.7)	53 (30.6)	42 (30.9)	0.963
Baseline Matsuda index	3.72 (2.46, 5.60)	3.48 (2.44, 5.33)	4.00 (2.52, 5.80)
Follow-up Matsuda index	2.91 (1.89, 4.46)	2.79 (1.71, 4.40)	3.20 (2.14, 4.71)
Delta Matsuda indexb	− 0.64 (− 1.85, 0.17)	− 0.65 (− 1.88, 0.29)	− 0.60 (− 1.75, 0.15)	0.833
Progression in oDI category	66 (21.2)	33 (18.9)	33 (24.1)	0.262
Baseline oDI	2.31 (1.38, 3.90)	2.12 (1.20, 3.19)	2.66 (1.72, 4.81)
Follow-up oDI	2.40 (1.47, 4.11)	2.24 (1.38, 3.86)	2.62 (1.72, 4.58)
Delta oDIc	− 0.07 (− 0.82, 1.26)	0.01 (− 0.63, 1.19)	− 0.18 (− 1.06, 1.57)	0.409

Delta values presented for HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, and oDI represent median (IQR) of difference between follow-up and baseline result for individual participants, and should not be seen as difference of median values of these indices provided in the table

DM diabetes mellitus, NG normoglycemia, oDI oral disposition index, OB obese, OW overweight, PD prediabetes

^an = 344

^bn = 309

^cn = 312