Cut off, work function and valence band maximum (VBM) values obtained from the corresponding UPS and VB-XPS data shown in Fig. 5. All values are in eV. Details of the data evaluation method are shown in Fig. S17. RT = non-calcined sample.
| Cu(NO3)2/TiO2 | Cu(ac)2/TiO2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cut off | Work function | VBM | Cut off | Work function | VBM | |
| TiO2 | 17.0 | 4.2 | 3.2 | — | — | — |
| RT | 17.3 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 17.0 | 4.2 | 3.0 |
| 250 °C | 16.8 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 17.2 | 4.0 | 3.0 |
| 400 °C | 17.0 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 17.1 | 4.1 | 3.1 |