Table 1.
Summary of Clinical and Imaging Findings in 91 Indian Patients with CM or UM
| Children | Adults | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | Fatal CM | Non-fatal CM | Fatal CM | Non-fatal CM | UM | |
| No. | 3 | 24 | 4 | 34 | 20 | |
| Age (mean, (SD)) | 5 (0) | 7.8 (3.9) | 38 (9.3) | 31 (9.1) | 36 (13) | |
| Sex (female, male) | 0, 3 | 6, 18 | 0, 4 | 10, 22 | 6, 14 | |
| Parasite burden | ||||||
| Parasitemia: No. | 3 | 22 | 4 | 32 | 19 | |
| Parasitemia (×1000/uL): median (range) | 0.43 (0.17 71.36) | 4.33 (0.41 20.78) | 97.50 (1.48 294.02) | 4.08 (0.39 22.59) | 28.48 (0.60 192.01) | |
| PfHRP2: No. | 3 | 19 | 3 | 20 | 9 | |
| PfHRP2 (ng/mL): median (range) | 13.71 (9.05 1019.72) | 933.50 (140.13 1186.64) | 10.34 (9.10 606.95) | 933.77 (133.73 1293.01) | 275.57 (9.06 640.75) | |
| Clinical parameters | ||||||
| No. | 3 | 24 | 4 | 34 | 20 | |
| Platelet count (×1000/uL): median (range) | 47.00 (31.25 48.50) | 47.50 (27.00 81.50) | 8.00 (0.00 40.00) | 36.25 (15.00 60.00) | 58.50 (38.00 85.50) | |
| Hb (g/dL): median (range) | 5.60 (4.03 7.25) | 6.65 (6.00 7.85) | 9.00 (7.50 10.25) | 7.40 (6.20 9.80) | 10.75 (9.40 12.20) | |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL): median (range) | 1.40 (0.65 2.75) | 1.95 (0.65 2.90) | 26.90 (23.65 29.60) | 3.60 (2.10 7.50) | 1.30 (0.95 1.75) | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL): median (range) | 1.70 (0.95 4.48) | 0.60 (0.50 0.90) | 6.75 (5.05 8.10) | 2.35 (1.20 5.00) | 1.00 (0.80 1.10) | |
| Retinopathies: hemmorhages (1/0): No. (%) | 3 (33%) | 23 (57%) | 4 (50%) | 30 (50%) | 18 (11%) | |
| Retinopathies: whitening (1/0): No. (%) | 3 (0%) | 23 (9%) | 4 (0%) | 30 (17%) | 18 (0%) | |
| Retinopathies: papilledema: (1/0): No. (%) | 3 (0%) | 23 (4%) | 4 (0%) | 30 (13%) | 18 (0%) | |
| Quantitative MRI parameters | ||||||
| Brain volume | ||||||
| First scan | No. | 2 | 15 | 4 | 23 | 18 |
| Normalized brain volume (cm3): mean (SD) | 2070.73 (5.04) | 1684.94 (695.98) | 1594.94 (148.09) | 1639.53 (118.35) | 1572.64 (109.13) | |
| Second scan | No. | NA | 48.11 (44.22 74.98) | NA | 47.92 (46.89 63.25) | 50.37 (48.23 71.00) |
| Time between first and second scan (hours): median (IQR) | NA | 1627.95 (701.05) | NA | 1665.14 (148.47) | 1554.95 (80.97) | |
| Normalised brain volume (cm3): mean (SD) | ||||||
| ADC | 3 | 16 | 3 | 28 | 17 | |
| First scan | No. | 781.50 (637.50 797.62) | 782.00 (759.75 798.75) | 598.50 (579.00 630.00) | 677.50 (627.50 709.75) | 742.50 (732.88 760.00) |
| Whole brain adcpeak (10˗6 mm2/s): median (range) | 0 | 14 | 0 | 19 | 14 | |
| Second scan | No. | NA | 50.28 (47.18 96.03) | NA | 48.02 (47.42 66.75) | 50.33 (48.10 70.88) |
| Time between first & second scan (hours): median (range) | NA | 778.50 (757.50 800.00) | NA | 718.50 (672.75 734.50) | 716.25 (700.50 739.50) | |
| Whole brain ADCpeak (10˗6 mm2/s): median (range) | NA | 48.11 (44.22 74.98) | NA | 47.92 (46.89 63.25) | 50.37 (48.23 71.00) | |
Abbreviations: 1/0, present/absent; NA, Not available (not performed); No., number of samples; SD, standard deviation; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient.