Figure 5. Metabolite supplementation improves neuronal cell survival during a state of stress on the retina.
GFAP staining shows Muller glial cell activation in the mouse neural retina of a (A) WT C57BL/6J mouse, (B) untreated arRP mouse, (C) arRP mouse treated with α-KG, (D) arRP mouse treated with citrate, and (E) arRP mouse treated with succinate, all at 1 month of age. (F) An untreated arRP mouse retina with no primary stain shows no nonspecific binding or autofluorescence with the secondary antibodies. Blue, DAPI (nuclei); green, GFAP; red, arrestin (photoreceptors). Scale bar: 100 μm. arRP, autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; α-KG, α-ketoglutarate.