Table 1.

Unadjusted neonatal outcomes between treated and matched control groups after propensity score matching.

	Treated (n = 20237)		Matched control (n = 40474)		t test on between-group difference
Outcome	Mean or %	95% CI	Mean or %	95% CI	Mean or %	95% CI	P value
Length of gestation, continuous	272.32	272.03, 272.60	271.88	271.69, 272.97	0.43	0.099, 0.77	0.011
Small for gestational age, binary	19.12%	18.58%, 19.66%	17.72%	17.35%, 18.10%	1.39%	0.74%, 2.04%	<0.001
Preterm birth, binary	12.99%	12.53%, 13.45%	13.16%	12.83%, 13.49%	−0.17%	−0.74%, 0.39%	0.55
Birth weight, continuous	3153.71	3144.96, 3162.47	3184.59	3178.46, 3190.72	−30.87	−41.52, −20.22	<0.001
Birth weight z-score, continuous	−0.20	−0.22, −0.18	−0.12	−0.14, −0.11	−0.075	−0.10, −0.051	<0.001
Low birth weight, binary	11.71%	11.27%, 12.15%	11.20%	10.89%, 11.51%	0.50%	−0.26%, 1.04%	0.062
Admission into neonatal intensive care unit, binary	9.20%	8.80%, 9.60%	10.02%	9.73%, 10.31%	−0.81%	−0.13%, −0.31%	0.0014
Hospitalization within a year, binary	11.37%	10.93%, 11.81%	12.42%	12.09%, 12.74%	−1.04%	−1.59%, −0.49%	<0.001
Death within a year, binary	0.98%	0.85%, 1.12%	0.75%	0.66%, 0.83%	0.23%	0.081%, 0.38%	0.0027

Treated group included all mother–infant pairs exposed to prenatal cannabis use disorder. Matched control group included propensity-score-matched mother– infant pairs unexposed to prenatal cannabis use disorder using 1:2 nearest-neighbor matching with replacement method.