Itraconazole inhibits HER2/PI3K signaling in esophageal cancer. A, Western blot analysis of p-PI3K, PI3K, PTEN, HER2, p-AMPK, and AMPK expression in itraconazole or DMSO-treated OE33, FLO-1, KYSE70 and KYSE510 cells. GAPDH is used as a loading control. B, RT–qPCR analysis of ERBB2 mRNA levels in OE33, FLO-1, KYSE70 and KYSE510 cells treated with 2.5 μmol/L itraconazole or DMSO for 48 hours. Values represent the mean fold change ± SEM for three experiments relative to GAPDH. *, P < 0.05 and **, P < 0.01 versus control group by Student t test. C, Western blot analysis of p-AKT and AKT expression in OE33 and KYSE510 cells treated with DMSO, 2.5 μmol/L or 5 μmol/L lapitinib for 48 hours. GAPDH is used as a loading control. D, Cell proliferation assay for OE33 and KYSE510 cells treated with 2.5 μmol/L lapatinib. Cell numbers were counted at the indicated timepoints. The data are presented as the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. E, Western blot analysis of HER2, p-AKT, and AKT expression in OE33 and KYSE510 cells transfected with HER2-specific or NTC siRNAs for three days. GAPDH is used as a loading control. F, AlamarBlue-based cell proliferation assay for OE33 and KYSE510 cells treated with HER2-specific or NTC siRNAs for three days. Values represent the mean ± SEM for 8 wells. **, P < 0.01 versus control group by Student t test.