Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of PFS and OS*
| N = 128 | PFS | OS | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||
| Median (95% CI) (months) | p value | Exp(B) (95% CI) | p value | Median (95% CI) (months) | p value | Exp(B) (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| < 65 | 78 | 3.4 (2.4–4.4) | 0.191 | 8.2 (5.4–11.0) | 0.387 | ||||
| ≥ 65 | 50 | 7.3 (5.8–8.7) | 14.9 (10.5–19.2) | ||||||
| Sex | |||||||||
| M | 89 | 3.7 (2.4–5.0) | 0.163 | 9.1 (6.0–12.3) | 0.122 | ||||
| F | 39 | 6.3 (2.4–10.2) | 12.1 (9.1–15.1) | ||||||
| ECOG PS | |||||||||
| 0 | 28 | 7.7 (0.8–14.6) | 0.012 | 1.223 (0.560–2.671) | 0.614 | 12.7 (0–27.3) | 0.036 | 1.402 (0.852–2.308) | 0.184 |
| 1 | 100 | 4.0 (3.1–4.8) | 10.6 (7.2–14.0) | ||||||
| Radiation therapy | |||||||||
| Prior to ICI | 57 | 3.7 (2.2–5.2) | 0.056 | 8.1 (3.4–12.9) | 0.058 | ||||
| After ICI or never irradiated | 71 | 6.2 (3.3–9.0) | 12.3 (8.1–15.9) | ||||||
| Tissue PD-L1 IHC | |||||||||
| Negative, weak | 43 | 3.0 (2.4–3.7) | 0.021 | 2.232 (1.119–4.453) | 0.023 | 8.2 (3.4–13.0) | 0.841 | ||
| Moderate/strong | 25 | 6.9 (5.8–8.1) | 12.6 (6.0–19.1) | ||||||
| Unknown | 60 | – | – | ||||||
| NLR | |||||||||
| < 2.8 | 62 | 5.7 (3.8–7.6) | 0.042 | 1.055 (0.531–2.099) | 0.878 | 14.3 (9.5–19.2) | < 0.001 | 1.913 (1.242–2.946) | 0.003 |
| ≥ 2.8 | 66 | 3.3 (1.8–4.7) | 7.2 (4.2–10.1) | ||||||
| Platelet count | |||||||||
| < 250k | 67 | 6.3 (3.4–9.2) | 0.065 | 12.4 (10.4–14.4) | 0.016 | 1.474 (0.990–2.195) | 0.056 | ||
| ≥ 250k | 61 | 3.3 (2.0–4.6) | 7.7 (6.7–8.7) | ||||||
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | |||||||||
| < 4.0 | 70 | 2.8 (2.1–3.5) | 0.047 | 1.788 (0.908–3.521) | 0.093 | 6.8 (4.3–9.3) | 0.006 | 1.083 (0.690–1.700) | 0.729 |
| ≥ 4.0 | 58 | 6.9 (5.5–8.4) | 14.3 (9.9–18.8) | ||||||
| Serum total protein (g/dL) | |||||||||
| < 7.2 | 65 | 3.4 (2.5–4.3) | 0.078 | 8.0 (6.5–9.4) | 0.009 | 1.766 (1.148–2.719) | 0.010 | ||
| ≥ 7.2 | 63 | 6.2 (2.7–9.7) | 12.7 (9.6–15.8) | ||||||
| Glucose (mg/dL) | |||||||||
| < 126 | 85 | 3.7 (2.5–4.8) | 0.124 | 11.0 (7.2–14.8) | 0.808 | ||||
| ≥ 126 | 41 | 6.5 (3.3–9.7) | 12.3 (8.1–16.5) | ||||||
| Unknown | 2 | – | – | ||||||
| sPD-L1 level (pg/μL) | |||||||||
| < 11 | 64 | 6.3 (3.0–9.6) | 0.023 | 1.928 (1.038–3.581) | 0.038 | 13.3 (9.2–17.4) | 0.005 | 1.788 (1.207–2.650) | 0.004 |
| ≥ 11 | 64 | 2.9 (2.1–3.7) | 7.4 (6.3–8.5) | ||||||
PFS progression-free survival, OS overall survival, CI confidence interval, ECOG PS eastern cooperative oncology group performance status, ICI immune checkpoint inhibitor, PD-L1 programmed death ligand-1, IHC immunohistochemical stain, NLR neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, sPD-L1 soluble programmed death ligand-1.
*Significant when p value is less than 0.05. Variables with p < 0.05 were examined in the multivariate analyses.