Fig. 5.

Metabolomics of the malate-aspartate shuttle. The shuttle is shown at center, with all metabolites that were measured highlighted in gray. Those metabolites that exhibited significant differences between groups (Fig. 2) are shown as bar graphs, using the same color scheme as other figures. Graphs show means ± SEM of relative metabolite abundance (arbitrary units), with significant differences between groups indicated by asterisks. Note that several metabolites in the shuttle are present in both mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments, and the methods employed herein were incapable of distinguishing between localized metabolite pools