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. 2021 Oct 5;11:19763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-99162-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Simulations of the concentration–time course of cefazolin for the five patients included in the study with BMI > 35 kg/m² and total body weight > 100 kg after a 4000 mg bolus followed by a 2000 mg at 4 h (purple line) and after a 2000 mg bolus followed by a 1000 mg at 4 h (green line). The red dashed lines correspond to the 20 and 360 mg/litre concentration thresholds. Grey stripe represents to the surgery duration. Simulations were performed using R software (version 3.2.2) with the ggplot2 package (version 2.1.0). R Core Team (2016). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/. Wickham H (2016). ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis. Springer-Verlag New York. ISBN 978–3-319–24,277-4, https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org.